低浓度呕吐毒素作为激发子对马铃薯抗干腐病的诱导及其作用机制  

Low concentration of vomitoxin as elicitor induced resistance of dry rot disease of potato and its mechanism

作　　者：赵潇璨 徐永清[1] 贺付蒙 孙美丽[1] 袁强[1] 王雪 孔德兴 刘丹[1] 冯艳忠[2] 陈赫书[2] 田明[2] 刘娣 李凤兰[1] ZHAO Xiao-Can;XU Yong-Qing;HE Fu-Meng;SUN Mei-Li;YUAN Qiang;WANG Xue;KONG De-Xing;LIU Dan;FENG Yan-Zhong;CHEN He-Shu;TIAN Ming;LIU Di;and LI Feng-Lan(College of Life Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《作物学报》2020年第11期1801-1809,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31201470);国家自然科学基金项目(J1210069);哈尔滨市应用科技研究与开发项目(2015RAQXJ021)资助。

摘　　要：干腐病是马铃薯窖储过程中镰刀菌侵染引发的真菌病害,严重影响了马铃薯的商品价值。呕吐毒素(vomitoxin,DON)又称脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇,是马铃薯干腐病致病镰刀菌在侵染薯块过程中产生的次生代谢产物。生物防治是病害防治的有效方法,其中采用生物因子作为激发子诱导植物系统抗性的方法成为热门。本研究采用低浓度DON作为激发子对马铃薯块茎进行处理,确定其在马铃薯抗干腐病中的作用及诱导马铃薯系统获得抗性(systemic acquired resistance,SAR)作用机制,为马铃薯干腐病的生物防治提供理论依据。DON处理对马铃薯干腐病的扩展具有一定的影响,且存在浓度效应,其中5 ng mL-1 DON处理马铃薯4 h能有效降低接种接骨木镰刀菌马铃薯块茎的干腐病病斑直径扩展;低浓度DON处理提高了块茎组织的SOD、POD、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性,减少细胞膜过氧化产物MDA的积累;薯块内的苯丙烷代谢关键酶PAL和4CL的活性升高,促进了代谢产物总酚、类黄酮、木质素和花青素的积累。同时DON作为激发子可诱导马铃薯块茎中内源信号分子SA、JA和ET的含量增加,植物系统抗性的调控基因NPR1的表达量上调。Dry rot disease is a fungal disease caused by Fusarium sp.infection in the process of potato cellar storage,which seriously affects the commercial value.Vomitoxin(DON),also known as deoxynivalenol,is a secondary metabolite produced by fusarium sp.in the process of infecting potato lump.Biological control is an effective method of disease control.Using biological factors as elicitors to induce plant system produce disease resistance has become a hot research topic.In this study,in order to provide theoretical basis for biological control of dry rot disease,potato tubers were treated with low concentration of DON as elicitor to determine its role in the resistance to dry rot disease and the mechanism of inducing systemic acquired resistance(SAR)of potato.DON treatment had a certain effect on the development of dry rot disease,and affected by the concentration.The treatment of potato tubers with 5 ng mL-1 DON for four hours could effectively reduce the diameter expansion of dry rot disease lesions induced by Fusarium sambucinum.Low concentration of DON increased the activities of SOD,POD,chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in tuber tissue,and decreased the accumulation of MDA.DON treatment increased the activities of PAL and 4CL,the key enzymes of phenylpropane metabolism,and promoted the accumulation of total phenols,flavonoids,lignin and anthocyanins.Meanwhile,the content of endogenous signal molecules SA,JA,and ET in potato tubers could be increased by using DON as elicitor,and the expression of NPR1(regulatory gene of plant systemic resistance)was increased.

关 键 词：马铃薯 干腐病 镰刀菌 呕吐毒素 激发子 诱导抗性 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]