隧道内时速160公里货运列车交会压力波数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Pressure Wave of Freight Train Running at 160 km/h in Tunnels

作　　者：杨永刚[1] 张芯茹 贺茂盛 梅元贵[1] YANG Yong-gang;ZHANG Xin-ru;HE Mao-sheng;MEI Yuan-gui(Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory of Rail Transit Mechanics Application,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;CRRC Qiqihar vehicle co.LTD,Qiqihar 161002,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学甘肃省轨道交通力学应用工程实验室,兰州730070 [2]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2020年第4期47-52,57,共7页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFB1201302-15)。

摘　　要：高速是我国铁路货运列车发展的主要目标之一,货运列车快速通过既有普速线隧道时,会诱发车外压力波动并可能引起车体疲劳破坏等问题.应用一维可压缩非定常不等熵流动模型和广义黎曼变量特征线法,研究了我国新研发的时速160公里货运列车隧道交会压力波的形成机理和沿列车运行方向车外压力的分布特性,分析列车速度和车型对隧道压力波的影响.研究结果表明:两列车隧道中央等速交会时,车外的压力由于受到对向列车的气动作用、以及隧道内压缩波和膨胀波的反复作用,导致车外的压力不断波动;沿着列车运行方向,越接近车尾,车厢外的最大正压值和最大压力峰峰值越小,最大负压值越大.车速越大,压力波动幅度越大.不同车型下,对于头车、中间车和尾车的最大正压值,全侧开式快捷棚车比塞拉式快捷棚车分别大22.05%、12.33%和67.74%;对于最大负压值,其值分别大4.58%、14.56%和13.29%;对于最大压力峰峰值,其值分别大15.40%、13.63%和16.84%.The high-speed is one of the main goals of China's railway freight trains.When the freight train passes through the tunnel of the existing normal speed line quickly,it will induce the external pressure wave and may cause the fatigue damage of the train body.In this paper,the formation mechanism of the pressure wave in the tunnel intersection of freight trains with a speed of 160 km/h and the distribution characteristics of the external pressure along the direction of the train are studied by using the one-dimensional compressible unsteady non-hemitropic flow model and the generalized Riemann variable characteristic line method.The results shows that when the two trains meet at the same speed in the middle of the tunnel,the external pressure fluctuates constantly due to the aerodynamic action on the train and the repeated action of compression and expansion waves inside the tunnel.Along the running direction of the train,the closer it is to the rear of the train,the smaller the maximum positive pressure value and the maximum peak-to-peak pressure value outside the carriage are,and the greater the maximum negative pressure value is.The higher the speed is,the greater the pressure fluctuation is.Under different vehicle models,the maximum positive pressure values of the head car,the middle car and the tail car are 22.05%,12.33%and 67.74%respectively,which are greater than those of the Sierra type;for the maximum negative pressure values,the difference values are 4.58%,14.56%and 13.29%;for the maximum pressure peak-to-peak values,the difference values are 15.40%,13.63%and 16.84%,respectively.

关 键 词：货运列车 交会压力波 形成机理 特征线法 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] V211[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]