从端粒和端粒酶探析冥想对压力的缓解作用  

The Mitigation of Meditation on Stress:Evidence from Telomeres and Telomerase

作　　者：赵源 马姗姗[1] 束晨晔 刘电芝[1] Zhao Yuan;Ma Shanshan;Shu Chenye;Liu Dianzhi(Department of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou,215123;Student Affairs Office,Hohai University,Nanjing,211100)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学教育学院,苏州215123 [2]河海大学学生工作处,南京211100

出　　处：《心理科学》2020年第4期1010-1016,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY129)的资助

摘　　要：冥想是一种维持自我注意的身心调节技术,是缓解因压力所致的抑郁、焦虑等消极情绪的有效方法。端粒是维持染色体稳定和完整的DNA片段,大量有关冥想对端粒及端粒酶活性影响的研究阐明,通常情况下压力人群经过冥想训练能提高端粒长度并增加端粒酶活性,这种改变与压力缓解密切相关。这一积极效果主要得益于皮质醇和炎症等生物因素及心理和环境等非生物因素。未来可以通过对比不同冥想练习的效果、增加追踪研究、多学科联合及扩大样本等找到最有利于提高端粒长度和端粒酶活性的冥想方式。Previous studies have confirmed that meditation is an effective way to relieve depression,anxiety and other negative emotions caused by pressure.Originated from the East,meditation is regarded as an attentional strategy for entering the meditation realm.In general,meditation can be divided into focused attention meditation and open monitoring meditation.Individuals can promote the growth of telomeres and the improvement of telomerase activity through short-term or long-term meditation,which is closely related to the relief of pressure.In terms of meditation to alleviate psychological stress,most current researchers have explored the neural mechanisms underlying meditation training to relieve stress.With the deepening of research and multidisciplinary integration,some scholars began to turn their perspectives from the changes in telomere length and telomerase activity to reveal the mystery of meditation to relieve stress.The shortening of telomeres and the decrease of telomerase activity are closely related to the chronic psychological distress and external stress faced by people.Fortunately,meditation training increases telomerase activity,which in turn increases telomere length,both of which promote stress relief.The length of telomeres depends on the activity of telomerase,which is considered a"psychobiomarker"associated with psychological stress and disease.On the one hand,based on recent studies on the effect of meditation on telomeres and telomerase activity,this study elaborates the relationship between telomere,telomerase and pressure.Psychosocial stress causes a range of health problems by affecting telomere length and telomerase activity,such as depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease(CVD).This might be one of the important mechanisms that cause stress to endanger the health of human beings.On the other hand,this study analyzes the changes of telomeres and telomerase in stressed people through meditation training.Meditation training can increase telomere length and increase telomerase activity,whi

关 键 词：端粒 端粒酶 冥想 压力 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]