低蛋白质日粮中添加苏氨酸对北京鸭生长性能和血浆生化指标的影响  

Effects of Threonine in Low Protein Diet on Growth Performance and Plasma Biochemical Index of Pekin Duck

作　　者：江勇 杨婷铄 唐静[2] 谢明[2] 陈国宏[1] 侯水生[2] JIANG Yong;YANG Tingshuo;TANG Jing;XIE Ming;CHEN Guohong;HOU Shuisheng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点试验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2020年第10期3176-3182,共7页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31902174);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20190902);江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(19KJD230003);动物营养学国家重点实验室开放课题(2004DA125184F1908)。

摘　　要：本试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,通过测定不同日粮苏氨酸水平对1~21日龄北京鸭生长性能、屠宰性能和血浆生化指标的影响,研究低蛋白质日粮北京鸭苏氨酸需要量。240只1日龄雄性北京鸭按体重随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复8只北京鸭,分别饲喂苏氨酸水平为0.41%、0.48%、0.55%、0.62%和0.69%的低蛋白质(17.65%)日粮,试验期为1~21日龄。结果表明,低蛋白质日粮中添加苏氨酸可以提高北京鸭体重、日增重、采食量和胸肌率(P<0.01),降低料重比(P<0.01)。低蛋白质日粮中添加苏氨酸对北京鸭腿肌率,血浆ALT和AST活性,以及TP、ALB、GLB和GLU含量均无显著影响(P>0.05),但是降低了血浆CHO、TG、HDLC和LDLC含量(P<0.05)。用直线-断线回归模型以体重、日增重、采食量、料重比和胸肌率为指标,拟合1~21日龄北京鸭苏氨酸需要量分别为0.594%、0.594%、0.595%、0.513%和0.607%。综合试验结果,当日粮蛋白质水平为17.65%时,1~21日龄北京鸭苏氨酸需要量为0.607%,此时,虽不能满足北京鸭的最大生长性能,但可以降低氮排放。The present study was conducted to evaluate the threonine requirement for Pekin ducks in low protein diets by determining the effects of threonine on growth performance,carcass traits,and serum parameters.In total,2401-day-old were randomly allocated to one of five dietary treatments with six replicate cages with eight duck for each treatment according to average body weight.They were fed low protein diets(17.65%)with 0.41%,0.48%,0.55%,0.62%or 0.69%threonine from 1 to 21 days of age,respectively.The results showed that threonine supplementation in low protein diets improved body weight,weight gain,feed intake,and breast muscle percentage,and reduced the ratio of feed to gain(P<0.01).Threonine supplementation in low protein diets had no influence on thigh muscle percentage,and the activity of ALT and AST,and the contents of TP,ALB,GLB and GLU in serum(P>0.05),but reduced the contents of CHO,TG,HDLC and LDLC in serum(P<0.05).The evaluated threonine requirement in low protein diets based on linear broken-line regression with weight,weight gain,feed intake,ratio of feed to gain,and breast muscle percentage were 0.594%,0.594%,0.595%,0.513%and 0.607%,respectively.In summary,the optimal dietary threonine levels would be 0.607%for Pekin ducks fed low protein diets from 1 to 21 days of age.Although which failed to support equal growth performance to that of high protein diets,it was possible to reduce nitrogen emissions.

关 键 词：北京鸭 苏氨酸需要量 低蛋白质日粮 

分 类 号：S834.81[农业科学—畜牧学]