从智能到智慧:医学人工智能发展再思考  

From Intelligence to Wisdom:Rethinking the Development of Medical Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：徐飞[1] 张荣[1] XU Fei;ZHANG Rong(Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技哲学部,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2020年第20期1-7,共7页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2020年中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(YD2110002004)。

摘　　要：回顾了人类技术从工具创造到体能技能替代再到智能增强的发展历程,剖析了医学人工智能的基本特征及发展概况,对医学人工智能未来能否取代医生的学术争论进行了梳理,提出医学人工智能尽管在局部数据处理上已替代甚至超越人类,但难以突破医学诊疗的情境性和医学技艺的具身性,依然离不开人类智慧的最终决策。从人机多元存在和身体哲学的视角审思医学人工智能的主体性及主体间性,认为应根据整体性思维更加重视人的主体性作用和建设性参与,尊重人类智慧的唯一性和独有性,为未来走向人机一体智慧医疗新纪元做好思想准备。The paper reviews the development of human technology from tool creation to physical skill substitution to intelligence enhancement,analyzes the basic characteristics and development of medical artificial intelligence,sorts out the academic debate whether medical artificial intelligence can replace human doctors in the future,and points out that although medical artificial intelligence has replaced or even surpassed human beings in some data processing.It is difficult to break through the contextuality of medical diagnosis and treatment as well as the embodiment of medical skills.Medical artificial intelligence is still inseparable from the final decision of human wisdom.Considering the subjectivity and inter-subjectivity of medical artificial intelligence from the perspective of multiple human-computer existence as well as body philosophy,this paper holds that we should pay more attention to the subjective role and constructive participation of human beings according to the holistic thinking,respect the uniqueness of human wisdom,and prepare for the new era of human-computer integrated intelligent medicine in the future.

关 键 词：医学人工智能 复杂性方法 情境性 具身性 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]