高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的方法论综述  

Methodologies Review of High-efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells

作　　者：孙志岩[1] SUN Zhi-yan(Liaoning Petrochemical College,Jinzhou 121001,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石化职业技术学院,辽宁锦州121001

出　　处：《辽宁高职学报》2020年第10期80-87,共8页Journal of Liaoning Higher Vocational

摘　　要：钙钛矿太阳能电池(perovskite solar cells,PSCs)采用有机-无机卤化铅钙钛矿光吸收剂,产生于2009年,最初能量转换效率(power conversion efficiency,PCE)仅为3.8%,2011年对染料敏化钙钛矿太阳能电池结构优化后,这种电池的研究取得了突破性进展,PCE为6.5%。此后发展了高效固态PSCs,PCE≈10%,稳定性长达500小时,随后PSCs的研究才引起广泛关注。器件结构和高质量钙钛矿薄膜的发展最终导致PCE超过25.2%。在此,详细描述了获得高效PSCs的方法。为了能重复性地实现超过20%的PCE,从前驱体溶液化学、无缺陷钙钛矿膜的加工和晶界的钝化角度来揭示关键技术。前体溶液中的化学物质、晶体生长动力学、光物质相互作用和控制缺陷,不仅可以重复制备20%以上的高效器件,还可以进一步提高PSCs的PCE。Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)use organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite as UV absorber in 2009.The initial power conversion efficiency(PCE)was only 3.8%.After optimizing the structure of dye sensitized perovskite solar cell in 2011,breakthroughs have been made in the research of such devices,resulting in a PCE of 6.5%.Since then,high-efficiency solid-state PSCs have been developed,achieving a PCE≈10%and stability of over 500h.After that,researches on PSCs have attracted widespread attention.The development of device structures and high-quality perovskite films ultimately leads to a PCE exceeding 25.2%.In this review,methods for obtaining highly efficient PSCs are described in detail.In order to achieve a PCE of over 20%repetitively,this review reveals the crucial technologies from the viewpoints of precursor solution chemistry,processing of defect-free perovskite films and passivation of grain boundaries.Chemical substances in the precursor solution,crystal growth kinetics,and light-substance interact and defect control can not only repeatedly produce highly efficient devices of 20%,but also further improve the PCE of PSCs.

关 键 词：钙钛矿太阳能电池 能量转换效率 器件结构 高质量钙钛矿 

分 类 号：G714[文化科学—职业技术教育学] TP37[文化科学—教育学]