年老化对中文阅读眼动控制的影响:来自词长和语境预测性效应的证据  

Effects of Aging on Eye Movement Control in Chinese Reading:Evidence of Word Length and Word Predictability

作　　者：任梦雪 田宏杰[2] 仝文[1] 刘志方 Ren Mengxue;Tian Hongjie;Tong Wen;Liu Zhifang(Department of Psychology,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041000;Beijing Youth Research Institute,Beijing Youth and Politics College,Beijing 100102;Department of Psychology,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121;Mental Health Education Center,Guangdong Polytechnic College,Zhaoqing 526000)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学心理学系,临汾041000 [2]北京青年政治学院北京青少年研究所,北京100102 [3]杭州师范大学心理学系,杭州311121 [4]广东理工学院心理中心,肇庆526000

出　　处：《心理学探新》2020年第5期417-424,共8页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(17CYY059)。

摘　　要：本研究通过对比老年与青年人在阅读中词长、词频和语境预测性效应上的差异,探讨中文阅读中眼动控制的年老化问题。结果发现:(1)词长的年龄主效应显著,注视时间和首次注视位置指标上年龄与词长的交互作用显著;(2)在注视时间指标上发现了显著的词频和语境预测性效应,年龄与语境预测性之间交互作用显著。综合而言,中文阅读中老年读者的词长效应和语境预测性效应不同于青年读者,由此可见,视觉功能和词汇加工功能衰退都是中文阅读眼动控制年老化的诱发原因。By comparing the differences of word length effect,word frequency and predictability effect between the elder and the young in reading,this study explored the aging of eye movement control in Chinese reading.The results showed that:(1)the effect of age on word length was significant,and the interaction between age and word length was significant in fixation duration and landing position;(2)significant word frequency and predictability effects were found in fixation duration,and the interaction between age and word predictability was significant.Generally speaking,word length and predictability effect on eye movement measures of Chinese elder were different from those of young readers.The results suggest that the decline of visual function and lexical processing is the cause of the aging of eye movement control in Chinese reading.

关 键 词：年老化 词长 预测性 眼动 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]