空缓条件下两万吨重载列车中部机车车辆纵垂向冲动仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Longitudinal and Vertical Impulse of Central Locomotive and Its Connected Vehicles of 20000t Heavy-Haul Train under Air Brake Release Conditions

作　　者：吴键 凌亮[1] 郝崇杰 陈志平 曹政祥 周康 田野 WU Jian;LING Liang;HAO Chongjie;CHEN Zhiping;CAO Zhengxiang;ZHOU Kang;TIAN Ye(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;China Railway Taiyuan Group Co.Ltd.,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中国铁路太原局集团有限公司,山西太原030001

出　　处：《机械》2020年第10期53-59,共7页Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51875484)。

摘　　要：为研究两万吨重载货运列车在空气制动缓解后中部机车与后部货车连挂车钩发生分离现象的原因,基于多体动力学理论,建立中部机车-货车三维动力学仿真模型,基于仿真计算,对车钩分离的产生机理和影响因素进行详细分析,并重点研究了连挂车钩初始钩高差和机车电制力大小对车钩分离的影响规律。结果表明:纵向车钩力由压钩力转变为拉钩力的过程中,当车钩力为0时,由于车钩间约束减弱,机车电制力的存在会使车钩之间产生跳动,若此后连挂车钩间约束不足则会导致跳动量随拉钩力的增大而急剧增大,进而发生分离;连挂车钩初始钩高差和机车电制力对车钩垂向跳动量影响显著,过大的初始钩高差或电制力将增大车钩分离的风险。To investigate the cause of the coupler separation accidents between the central locomotive and the connected rear wagon of a 20,000-ton heavy-haul freight train after the air brake was released,a central locomotive-wagon three-dimensional dynamics simulation model of the was established based on the multi-body dynamics theory.The detailed numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the mechanism and the influence factors of coupler separation,and a special attention was paid to the influence of the initial hook height difference and the electric force of the locomotive on coupler separation.The numerical results show that in the process of the longitudinal coupler force changing from the hook pressing force to the pulling force,the constraint between the couplers is reduced when the coupler force is reduced to 0,and the electric braking force of the locomotive will cause the vertical displacement between the couplers.If the constraint between the couplers is insufficient after the above process,the displacement between the connected couplers will increase dramatically with the increase of the pulling force,which leads to the separation of the two couplers.In addition,the initial hook height difference of the trailer coupling and the electric braking force of the locomotive have a great influence on the vertical relative displacement between the connected couplers,and excessive initial hook height difference or electric braking force will significantly increases the risk of coupler separation.

关 键 词：重载列车 纵垂向冲动 车钩分离 空气制动缓解 行车安全 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]