山桐子油脱色工艺优化及其品质效应分析  

Optimization of Decolorization Process of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.Oil and Analysis of Its Quality Effect

作　　者：谢雨芮 王艳梅[1,2] 耿晓东 王建圆[1] 刘震 李志 XIE Yurui;WANG Yanmei;GENG Xiaodong;WANG Jianyuan;LIU Zhen;LI Zhi(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for the Cultivation of Forest Resources in Central China,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450002 [2]中原地区森林资源培育国家林业局重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2020年第9期121-126,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A220001);国家自然科学基金(30900138)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究山桐子毛油的优良脱色工艺,提高山桐子油脂的稳定性与安全性,为科研工作和生产活动提供理论参考。【方法】以冷榨山桐子毛油作为试验材料,通过脱胶和脱酸处理,对吸附剂种类、吸附剂用量、脱色时间、脱色温度和搅拌速度的单因素对比试验,得出适用于山桐子毛油的脱色条件;对脱色后的山桐子油进行脂肪酸成分、理化性质测定,分析脱色工艺对山桐子油的品质效应。【结果】吸附剂为活性白土,用量为8%~9%,时间为30~40 min,温度为100~110℃,搅拌速度为240~300 r/min,山桐子毛油的脱色率达到90%以上,为最佳脱色工艺。山桐子毛油以9%的活性白土、时间40 min、温度110℃、搅拌速度300 r/min脱色后,过氧化值下降,脂肪酸含量占比基本不变。【结论】通过优化的脱色工艺对山桐子毛油进行脱色,可以大幅提高山桐子油的脱色率,对油脂品质的负向效应影响较小,该工艺对山桐子油脂加工与利用有重要指导意义。【Objective】The study was conducted to explore the excellent decolorization technology of Idesia polycarpa Maxim.crude oil,improve the stability and safety of I.polycarpa oil,and provide theoretical references for scientific research and production activities.【Method】Taking cold pressed I.polycarpa crude oil as test material,single factor experiment on types of adsorbent,adsorbent dosage,decolorization time,decolorization temperature and stirring speed was conducted through degumming and deacidification,and decolorization conditions applicable to I.polycarpa oil were obtained.The fatty acid composition,physical and chemical properties of I.polycarpa oil after decolorization were determined and quality effect of decoloration process on I.polycarpa oil was analyzed.【Result】The results showed that the adsorbent was active clay,the dosage was 8%-9%,the time was 30-40 min,the temperature was 100-110℃,and the stirring speed was 240-300 r/min,the decolorization rate of the I.polycarpa oil was more than 90%,which was the optimum decoloration process.When the decolorization was performed with 9%active clay,with the time of 40 min,the temperature of 110℃,and the stirring speed of 300 r/min,the peroxide value of I.polycarpa oil decreased and the proportion of fatty acid content remained unchanged.【Conclusion】The decolorization rate of I.polycarpa oil can be greatly improved through optimized decolorization process,which has little negative effect on I.polycarpa oil quality.This process has important guiding significance for the processing and utilization of I.polycarpa oil.

关 键 词：山桐子油 木本油料植物 精炼 活性白土 脱色率 脂肪酸含量 油脂品质 

分 类 号：S794.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种] TS224.6[农业科学—林学]