面向开放式结构产品的智能制造车间实时调度方法  

Real-time scheduling method of intelligent manufacturing shop floor based on multi-agent

作　　者：吴晓强[1,2] 田松龄 郑淑贤[1] 项忠霞[1] WU Xiaoqiang;TIAN Songling;ZHENG Shuxian;XIANG Zhongxia(Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China;College of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China;School of Control and Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China;Tianjin TSNC Science and Technology CO., Ltd., Tianjin 300000, China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机构理论与装备设计教育部重点实验室,天津300354 [2]内蒙古民族大学机械工程学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]天津城建大学控制与机械工程学院,天津300384 [4]天津市泰森数控科技有限公司,天津300000

出　　处：《计算机集成制造系统》2020年第10期2703-2713,共11页Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(19XTQ011)。

摘　　要：开放式结构产品(OAP)对制造系统的规划和实施提出了更高的要求。车间环境下制造过程具有高度动态性与时变性,须考虑车间环境下的不可预测性。针对以机床故障为代表的异常事件扰动问题,提出了基于队列控制的调度执行机制,不仅可以保障在车间系统不发生扰动时按照预定调度计划安排各工序制造,还可以在发生扰动时实时修正队列参数保证车间系统运行的可靠性。针对机床故障信息不完备的实时调度问题,提出了基于自动机模型的车间异常事件监测方法和基于多代理模型、队列控制调度执行机制的实时调度方法。在标准算例实验中最早完成加工规则(ECP)和剩余工序最多规则(MWR)的组合规则得到方案的平均偏差百分比PD为4.591%,更接近于理论最优解。工程应用实验证明了基于多代理模型、队列控制调度执行机制的实时调度方法是一种基于车间事件监测基础上的完全分布式的协调与决策方法,能够兼顾车间调度的实时性和调度结果的质量要求。Open Architecture Product(OAP)puts forward higher requirements for the planning and implementation of manufacturing system.The manufacturing process in the shop floor environment is highly dynamic and time-varying,so the unpredictability in the shop floor environment must be considered.Aiming at the problem of abnormal event disturbance represented by machine breakdown,a scheduling execution mechanism based on queue control was proposed,which could not only guarantee the manufacturing process according to the scheduled scheduling plan with no disturbance of shop floor system,but also modify the queue parameters in real time to ensure the reliability of the shop floor system's operation.Aiming at the problem of real-time scheduling with incomplete information of machine breakdown,a automata based method of monitoring abnormal events and a method of real-time scheduling based on multi-agent model and queue control mechanism were proposed.In the standard example experiment,the average deviation percentage PD of the combination rule of ECP and MWR was 4.591%,which was closer to the theoretical optimal solution.Engineering application experiments showed that the real-time scheduling method of intelligent manufacturing shop floor based on multi-agent was a fully distributed coordination and decision-making method based on event monitoring,which could take into account the real-time nature of shop floor scheduling and the quality requirements of scheduling results.

关 键 词：开放式结构产品 智能制造系统 多智能体 车间调度 时间自动机 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]