中美STEM教育的目标策略以及发展模式的比较和启示  

Comparative Study on STEM Education between China and the United States:Goals,Strategy and Development

作　　者：何敏 包雷[2] 韩颖杰 肖化[1] HE Min;BAO Lei;HAN Ying-jie;XIAO Hua(School of Physics and Telecommunications Engineering,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510006,China;Department of Physics,The Ohio State University,Columbus,43210,USA)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学物理与电信工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]俄亥俄州立大学物理学院,美国俄亥俄州哥伦布43210

出　　处：《基础教育》2020年第5期34-46,共13页Journal of Schooling Studies

基　　金：2018年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目《基于学习进阶的小学STEM课程分层整合模式研究》(项目编号:18YJA880096)。

摘　　要：开展STEM教育已成为中国教育界的热点,STEM教育以其跨学科融合的特点,帮助学生在打好科学、技术、工程和数学的学科基础的同时,培养学生利用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。研究发现,美国开展STEM教育的核心目标是增加本土的理工科人才,而中国的理工科人才培养则具有自身的优势和特点,当前中国的STEM教育主要方向是培养优秀的创新人才。因此中国的教育者需理性看待STEM教育的发展,在借鉴美国STEM教育经验的同时,发挥自身优势找到适合中国需求的教育方法。STEM education has become a highly emphasized area in China.Due to its unique interdisciplinary aspect,STEM education can help students to lay a solid foundation in science,technology,engineering and mathematics,while developing their advanced abilities in critical thinking and problem solving as well as inter-personal skills for effective collaboration and communication.Through the analysis,it is found that the core objective of STEM education in the United States is to increase domestic science and engineering workforces.Meanwhile the higher education in science and engineering in China has already gained its own advantages and characteristics.The main direction of current STEM education in China is to foster top innovators and leadership in the STEM fields.Therefore,Chinese educators can more rationally inspect the development of STEM education and learn from the experience of STEM education in the United States to find an education method that suits China's needs and leverage their existing advantages.

关 键 词：STEM教育 中美对比 教育目标 STEM教育发展模式 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]