STEM兴趣、家庭背景与学习成绩——基于全国14418名中学生的无序多分类Logit模型分析  

STEM Interest,Family Background and Academic Performance:Analysis of Disordered Multinomial Logit Model Based on 14418 Middle School Students Nationwide

作　　者：浦小松[1] PU Xiao-song(Research Center for International&Comparative Education,National Institute of Education Sciences,Beijing,100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院国际与比较教育研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《基础教育》2020年第5期72-88,共17页Journal of Schooling Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目《粤港澳大湾区智能教育需求测算研究》(项目编号:61907040);国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题《中小学校长教育国际化领导力界定与测评研究》(项目编号:CDA180241)。

摘　　要：学校和家庭是影响学生学习成绩的重要场所。以全国中学生为调查对象,采用分层抽样问卷调查学习成绩情况,通过运用探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析提取公因子,构建无序多分类Logit模型,进而分析影响学生学习成绩的因素。研究发现:父母受教育程度与学习成绩显著正相关;父母从事职业类型对学习成绩具有积极作用,但影响不大;周末或假期常去与学习相关校外场所对学习成绩具有促进作用;STEM兴趣对学习成绩的影响各有正负,数学和科学学习兴趣对学习成绩均有明显促进作用,其中数学学习兴趣对学习成绩具有较大的提升效应,但工程与技术学习兴趣对学习成绩具有负向影响。STEM兴趣和家庭背景对学习成绩的不同作用也为下一步做好STEM教育改革提供了参考。School and family are important places that affect students'academic performance.In this paper,we took middle school students all over the country as the survey object,and used stratified sampling questionnaire to investigate the academic performance.Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to extract common factors,then the disordered multinomial Logit model was constructed to analyze the factors affecting students'academic performance.The study found that the educational level of parents is significantly positively correlated with students'academic performance;the type of occupation parents engage in has a positive effect on academic performance,but not a great influence;frequent visits to study-related off-campus places on weekends or holidays have a positive effect on academic performance;STEM interests have both positive and negative effects on academic performance:the interest in mathematics and science both have a significant effect on academic performance,while the interest in mathematics has a greater improvement effect on academic performance.However,the engineering and technology study interest has the negative influence to the study result.The different effects of STEM interest and family background on academic performance also provide references for further STEM education reform.

关 键 词：STEM兴趣 家庭背景 学习成绩 因子分析 无序多分类Logit模型 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]