谭嗣同《仁学》中的“公理”思想  

The Idea of “Axiom” in Tan Sitong’s Benevolence

作　　者：刘修志 LIU Xiu-zhi(School of Marxism,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学马克思主义学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第6期114-121,共8页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划高等学校思想政治教育研究专项“高校学生抵御宗教渗透现状与问题研究”(19CSZJ56)。

摘　　要：《仁学》是谭嗣同的代表作,此书中西结合、古今会通。对于“公理”相关研究与阐释是谭嗣同思想的重要组成部分。“公理”作为近代思想的重要内容,其基本内涵是公正、平等、正义等对于人类社会普遍价值理念的倡导、普及与遵循。对此,谭嗣同也认为,不管中外各思想流派有着怎样理论上的精微或者存在多大的区别,它们都具有两个共同点,那就是慈悲和灵魂,此即是“公理”。《仁学》中关于公理的阐述有着丰富的内容,其核心就是“以太”“仁”“平等”等。同时,谭嗣同视“公理”为重要的思想体系和实践成果,主张以天地万物之本的“公理”作为切入点,通过革新、发展、衍生和冲破罗网,破除守旧观念,积极倡导“孔教”改革。Benevolence(《仁学》)is the representative of Tan Sitong’s work,which has combined Chinese and Western thoughts in all different ages.The related research and interpretations of“Axiom”constitutes a necessary part of Tan Sitong’s thoughts.As an important component of modern thoughts,its basic connotation is equity,equality,justice,etc,which is promoted and advocated by the whole society.In this regard,Tan Sitong also believes that there are always two common points:benevolence and soul,namely,“axiom”in all schools of thoughts in the world no matter how different these schools are.The description about axiom in Benevolence is rich in content,the core of which is“ether”,“benevolence”,“equality”and so on.At the same time,Tan Sitong regards“axiom”as an important ideological system and practical achievement,and advocates that“axiom”,as the foundation of all things in the world,should be taken as the entry point to get rid of outdated and conservative ideas through innovation and development of thoughts to promote the reform of“Confucianism”.

关 键 词：谭嗣同 《仁学》 公理 

分 类 号：K825.1[历史地理—历史学]