大豆黄卷的炮制工艺、化学成分、质量分析及药理活性研究进展  

Research Advances on Processing Procedures,Chemical Constituents,Quality Analysis and Pharmacological Effect of Sojae Semen Germinatum

作　　者：陈红[1] 徐君伟 马晗[1] 关怀[1] 马莉[1] 王满元[1] 仇峰[1] CHEN Hong;XU Jun-wei;MA Han;GUAN Huai;MA Li;WANG Man-yuan;QIU Feng(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学中医药学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2020年第22期209-219,共11页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：北京市中医管理局中药炮制传承基地建设项目;国家自然科学基金面上项目(81573682)。

摘　　要：大豆黄卷始载于《神农本草经》,系豆科植物大豆Glycine max的成熟种子经发芽干燥的炮制加工品,其性平,味甘,具有解表祛暑、清热利湿之功效。大豆黄卷具有悠久的食用和药用历史,但直至2010年才被载入《中国药典》,历代医家记载其炮制工艺各异,饮片质量参差不齐。笔者拟系统整理与大豆黄卷相关的历代本草和现代研究文献,从炮制工艺、化学成分、质量分析和药理活性等方面进行归纳与分析,发现大豆黄卷含有蛋白质、异黄酮类、皂苷类等成分,用于检测这些成分的分析方法包括紫外分光光度法(UV),薄层色谱法(TLC)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)等,对人体具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗骨质疏松、改善更年期综合征、治疗心血管疾病等功能活性,且炮制会使其化学成分的种类和含量发生改变。因此,有必要进一步挖掘大豆黄卷中的功能活性成分,探究其制备过程中和炮制前后化学成分的变化规律以及药理活性的改变,探讨其药效作用机制,为其规范化炮制、现代质量控制及临床合理应用提供参考。Sojae Semen Germinatum(SSG)was firstly recorded in Shennong Bencaojing.It is a dry processed product which is germinated using mature seeds of Glycine max.It is neutral in nature and sweet flavor,and its functions are to relieve heat,clear away heat and remove dampness.SSG has a long history of being used both as food and medicine,but it was not enrolled in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia until 2010.Doctors of different dynasties had different views of its processing procedures,and thus the quality of its decoction pieces is inconsistent.This article systematically straightened out the records of SSG in ancient books and modern literature,and summarized and analyzed the processing procedures,chemical constituents,quality analysis and pharmacological effects of SSG.It found that SSG contains proteins,isoflavones,saponins and other components,analytical methods for detecting these components include ultraviolet spectrophotometry(UV),thin-layer chromatography(TLC),high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),etc.It has effect such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-osteoporosis,improvement of menopausal syndrome,treatment of cardiovascular diseases,and processing will change the type and content of its chemical components.Therefore,it is necessary to dig out active constituents of SSG,explore those changes in chemical constituents and pharmacological effect during the period of its primary and subsequent processing,and explore its action mechanism.This paper can provide the theoretical basis for standardized processing procedure,modern quality control and clinical application of SSG.

关 键 词：大豆黄卷 炮制工艺 历史沿革 化学成分 质量评价 药理活性 异黄酮类 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] G353.11[医药卫生—中医学]