小茴香炮制历史沿革、化学成分及药理作用研究进展  

Progress of Historical Evolution of Processing,Chemical Compositions and Pharmacological Effects of Foeniculi Fructus

作　　者：王金金[1] 毋启桐 时博[1] 周宁[1] 李凯[1] 张振凌[1] WANG Jin-jin;WU Qi-tong;SHI Bo;ZHOU Ning;LI Kai;ZHANG Zhen-ling(Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment&Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province,Henan Engineering Research Center for Special Processing Technology of Chinese Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学河南省中药特色炮制技术工程研究中心,呼吸疾病诊疗与新药研发河南省协同创新中心,郑州450046

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2020年第20期178-190,共13页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81873005);2019河南省科技厅科技研发专项(192102310172);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A360001);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2018GGJS083)。

摘　　要：小茴香性温,味辛,归肝、肾、脾、胃经,具有散寒止痛、理气和胃的功效,可药食两用。笔者通过查阅汉代至今相关书籍、各版《中国药典》以及各省市炮制规范,总结了小茴香炮制历史沿革情况,并通过查阅国内外文献系统总结了小茴香中化学成分和药理作用的研究概况,发现小茴香主要含有挥发油、黄酮类、酚类、脂肪酸类等成分,对人体内脏系统、中枢神经系统、心血管系统、内分泌系统、免疫系统及化学治疗方面均具有一定作用,包括调节胃肠功能、镇痛、抗炎、抗肝肾毒性、降血脂、降血糖、抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、调节雌激素水平等功能活性。其中,发挥药效作用的主要化学成分为挥发油、黄酮类及酚类,且炮制前后化学成分和药理作用均会发生相应变化,可为小茴香后续的炮制原理、药效物质基础、药理作用机制研究提供参考。Foeniculi Fructus is warm and spicy in nature and belongs to the liver,kidney,spleen and stomach meridians with the function of dispersing cold and relieving pain, regulating Qi-flowing and harmonizing stomach,and can be used as medicine and food. This article summarized the historical evolution of processing of Foeniculi Fructus by consulting the relevant books since the Han dynasty, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as well as the processing norms of provinces and cities, and summarized the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of Foeniculi Fructus by reviewing literatures at home and abroad,then it found that Foeniculi Fructus mainly contains essential oil,flavonoids,phenols and fatty acids,has certain effects on human visceral system,central nervous system,cardiovascular system,endocrine system,immune system and chemotherapy, including the functions of regulating gastrointestinal function, analgesia, antiinflammatory,etc. Among them,the main chemical components that play the pharmacodynamic effect are volatile oil,flavonoids and phenols,and the chemical components and pharmacological effects in Foeniculi Fructus before and after processing will have corresponding changes,which can provide reference for the further study of Foeniculi Fructus in processing principle,pharmacodynamic substance basis and pharmacological mechanism.

关 键 词：小茴香 炮制 化学成分 药理作用 挥发油 黄酮类 酚类 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] R28[医药卫生—中医学]