谁进入医疗卫生单位?——基于2007-2017年全国高校毕业生调查的分析  

Who Enters the Medical and Health Institutions?An Analysis Based on the 2007-2017 National College Graduate Survey

作　　者：夏洁[1] 吴红斌 XIA Jie;WU Hongbin(Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Medical Education/National Center for Health Professions Education Development,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学医学教育研究所/全国医学教育发展中心,北京100191

出　　处：《复旦教育论坛》2020年第5期106-112,共7页Fudan Education Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“经济新常态下的教育与劳动力市场的相互作用研究”(16JJD880005)。

摘　　要：当前我国高度重视发展健康事业,积极推进健康中国建设。作为健康中国的重要保障,医疗卫生人才队伍愈发受到重视。高校毕业生是进入医疗卫生单位的主力军。采用6次全国高校毕业生就业状况抽样调查数据,探究进入医疗卫生单位的毕业生群体特征及时间趋势,以及影响毕业生选择医疗卫生单位的显著性因素。研究发现,在时间趋势上,进入医疗卫生单位的男性毕业生占比有所下降,毕业生学科背景日益多元,毕业生的人力资本水平较高且有所提升,就业满意度较低且呈现一定波动但整体上表现为上升。从就业选择来看,高校毕业生对医疗卫生单位的就业偏好存在显著的学科、性别和城乡差异,所学专业与兴趣吻合、求职时重视职业的稳定性显著影响毕业生选择医疗卫生单位就业。At present,our country has highly valued the development of health service,and has issued a series of strategic plans to actively promote Healthy China program.As an important guarantee of Healthy China,the construction of medical and health talents has received attention.The existing research finds that some medical students are employed across industries,the employment satisfaction and average income of the medical and health industry are low,and the allocation of medical and health talents needs to be improved.This study used data from 6 national sample surveys on the employment status of college graduates,explored the characteristics and time trends of graduates entering medical and health institutions,as well as the significant factors influencing graduates to choose medical and health institutions.It is found that in terms of time trends,the proportion of male graduates entering medical and health institutions has declined,graduates'academic background has been increasingly diverse,and graduates'human capital levels have improved.The employment satisfaction was relatively low and has been fluctuating,but on the whole,it has increased.From the perspective of employment choice,there were significant gender,discipline and urban-rural differences in the employment preference of college graduates to medical and health institutions.The coincidence between major and interest and the stability of occupation had significant positive impact on the employment preference of college graduates to medical and health institutions.

关 键 词：高校毕业生就业 医疗卫生 健康中国 医学生 毕业生调查 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] G647.38[文化科学—高等教育学]