乘潮水位下的船舶通航窗口期和候潮时间探讨  

Navigable window period and waiting time at tide riding water level

作　　者：乔光全[1] 王崇贤 周合成 QIAO Guang-quan;WANG Chong-xian;ZHOU He-cheng(CCCC-FHDI Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510230,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司,广东广州510230

出　　处：《水运工程》2020年第11期40-47,62,共9页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：针对乘潮水位下船舶候潮的实际问题,依据我国近岸不同潮汐类型站点的潮汐表逐时数据,采用统计学方法,研究保证率为90%的2 h高潮乘潮水位下的连续可通航窗口期和船舶候潮时间,并从水位历时曲线、日高潮不等及平均海平面的周年变化等角度分析全日潮向半日潮变化时通航窗口期和候潮时间产生差异的原因,探讨乘潮时间和乘潮保证率对候潮时间的影响程度。结果表明,从全日潮向半日潮,通航窗口期逐渐缩短,船舶候潮时间逐渐延长;乘潮保证率对候潮时间的影响更明显。Aiming at the practical problem of ship waiting for tide at the tide riding water level,based on the hourly data of tide tables at stations of different tidal types in Chinese coastal area,we study the continuous navigable window period and waiting time of ship under the tide riding water level of 2 h with 90%assurance rate by using statistical method,analyze the reasons for the differences of navigation window period and waiting time when diurnal tide changes to semidiurnal tide from the perspective of water level duration curve,unequal daily high tide and annual change of mean sea level,and discuss the degree of influence of riding time and assurance rate on waiting time.The results show that the navigation window period decreases and the waiting time of ships tends to prolong from the diurnal tide to the semidiurnal tide.The influence of assurance rate on waiting time is more obviously.

关 键 词：乘潮水位 全日潮 半日潮 通航窗口期 候潮时间 

分 类 号：U612[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U697[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]