文冠果叶总皂苷的提取工艺优化及减肥降脂功效  

Extraction process optimization of total saponins from leaves of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge and the effect on weight loss and lipid-lowering

作　　者：邱悦 潘佳 沈明浩[1] QIU Yue;PAN Jia;SHEN Minghao(College of Food Science and Engineering,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun,Jilin 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第11期113-122,132,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：吉林省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(20100259)。

摘　　要：【目的】优化文冠果叶总皂苷的提取工艺,并对其减肥降脂功效进行分析。【方法】采用单因素试验并结合Box-Behnken响应面法,对文冠果叶总皂苷的提取温度、液(mL)料(g)比、乙醇体积分数进行优化。采用高脂饲料喂养小鼠建立高血脂症模型,建模4周后,以奥利司他为阳性对照,分别采用高(200 mg/kg)、中(100 mg/kg)、低(50 mg/kg)剂量组文冠果叶总皂苷连续灌胃4周,检测小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)的浓度,分析不同剂量文冠果叶总皂苷对小鼠体内胰脂肪酶的抑制作用。【结果】文冠果叶总皂苷的最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度60℃,乙醇体积分数70%,液(mL)料(g)比30∶1,此时文冠果叶总皂苷得率为4.952%。对小鼠的减肥降脂试验表明,文冠果叶总皂苷对胰脂肪酶的抑制活力最高可达68.29%,且在高血脂模型中,高、中、低剂量文冠果叶总皂苷均可显著或极显著降低血清中的TC、TG、LDL-C浓度,提高HDL-C浓度,其中高剂量组的降脂作用与阳性对照药物奥利司他效果相当。【结论】文冠果叶总皂苷减肥降脂功效显著,能够有效抑制胰脂肪酶活力,降低胆固醇和甘油三酯含量,进而促进脂肪代谢。【Objective】The optimum extraction technology of total saponins from leaves of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge was optimized and the effects on weight loss and lipid-lowering were analyzed.【Method】The single-factor test combined with the Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize temperature,liquid(mL)to material(g)ratio,and ethanol volume fraction for the extraction of total saponins from X.sorbifolia Bunge leaves.Mice were fed with high-fat diets to establish a hyperlipidemia model.After 4 weeks of modeling,orlistat was used as a positive control and the saponins were continuously given with high(200 mg/kg),medium(100 mg/kg),and low(50 mg/kg)dose groups.After four weeks of gavage,concentrations of total serum cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein(HDL-C)were analyzed and the inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase in mice was detected.【Result】The optimum extraction conditions of total saponins from leaves of X.sorbifolia Bunge were extraction temperature of 60℃,ethanol volume fraction of 70%,liquid(mL)to material(g)ratio of 30∶1,and total saponin yield of 4.952%.The weight-loss and lipid-lowering test on mice showed that the inhibitory activity of total saponins of X.sorbifolia Bunge leaves on pancreatic lipase reached 68.29%.In high blood lipid models,total saponins of X.sorbifolia Bunge leaves can significantly or extremely reduce the concentration of TC,TG and LDL-C in the serum and increase HDL-C concentration.The lipid-lowering effect of the high-dose group was equivalent to that of drug orlistat in the positive control.【Conclusion】Total saponins of X.sorbifolia Bunge leaves had significant effects on weight-loss and lipid-lowering,and could effectively inhibit pancreatic lipase activity,reduce cholesterol and triglyceride content and promote fat metabolism.

关 键 词：文冠果叶 总皂苷 胰脂肪酶 高脂血症 小鼠 减肥降脂功效 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]