什么样的学校教师流失率更高?  

What Kind of School has a Higher Rate of Teacher Turnover?

作　　者：代蕊华 郭志慜 DAI Rui-hua;GUO Zhi-min(Faculty of Education,East China Nornal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《教师教育研究》2020年第5期46-53,共8页Teacher Education Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目《普及高中阶段教育研究》(项目编号:16JZD046)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：教师流失是造成教师短缺的重要原因,本文基于中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)数据,建立了六个多元回归模型,分别从教师特征、学校特征和组织状况,探讨了什么样的学校教师流失率更高的问题.研究发现,在初中学校,在教师教龄、学历普遍更低、教师被表彰次数少、有编制的教师占比低、学生升学情况更好的农村学校,教师的流失率会更高.此外,待遇低、硬件差,学生纪律乱,教师压力大且职业倦怠严重的学校,也普遍表现出流失率更高的情况.基于以上分析,本文从组织建设的视角,提出学校管理中教师留任的四个关键要素:满意的工资待遇、充足的行政支持、良好的学生表现和积极的工作心态.Teacher turnover is an important reason for teacher shortage.Based on the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS)data,we established six multiple regression models to explore what kind of school has a higher rate of teacher turnover,from the characteristics of teachers,school characteristics and organizational status of three aspects,to provide reference for reducing the loss of teachers.We found that in rural junior high schools where the teaching age of teachers and educational backgrounds are generally lower,teachers are commended less frequently,the proportion of teachers with staff is low,and the students’progress in entering higher education is better,the turnover rate of teachers will be higher.In addition,schools with low salary,poor facilities,poor student discipline,high pressure and serious job burnout faced by teachers also generally show higher attrition rates.Based on the above analysis,this article proposes four key elements of teacher retention in school management from the perspective of organizational construction:satisfactory salary,adequate administrative support,good student performance and a positive work attitude.

关 键 词：教师流失 教师特征 学校特征 组织状况 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]