野生与栽培猴头菌营养成分比较及氨基酸评价  

Nutritional Evaluation of Wild and Corresponding Cultivated Hericium erinaceus

作　　者：曲明清[1] 杨双双 余昌霞[2] 李贺贺[4] 林群英[5] 陈明杰[2] 李传华[2] QU Mingqing;YANG Shuangshuang;YU Changxia;LI Hehe;LIN Qunying;CHEN Mingjie;LI Chuanhua(Pesticide Safety Evaluation Research Center,Institute of Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Food College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Beiing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院农药安全评价研究中心,上海市农业科学院农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,上海201106 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201403 [3]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [4]北京工商大学食品质量与安全北京实验室,北京102488 [5]南京野生植物综合利用研究院,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2020年第4期131-142,共12页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合支撑(2019)245102号];广东省微生物研究所开放基金(SKLAM004-2018)。

摘　　要：为探讨野生猴头菌(Hericium erinaceus)与通过组织分离获得的栽培猴头菌子实体之间的营养成分差异,对5个野生猴头菌及其栽培子实体的主要营养成分、氨基酸、维生素和矿质元素等进行了比较分析和评价。结果表明:野生猴头菌子实体粗多糖和总膳食纤维含量,药用和鲜味氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例高于栽培子实体,而粗脂肪、粗蛋白、灰分和碳水化合物含量,人体必需氨基酸百分比,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值以及维生素A、E、B2、B3和总维生素含量则低于栽培子实体;氨基酸评分和化学评价表明,野生猴头菌第一限制性氨基酸均为异亮氨酸,栽培猴头菌第一限制性氨基酸均为赖氨酸和异亮氨酸。To evaluate nutritional differences between wild and cultivated Hericium erinaceus,fruiting bodies of H.erinaceus collected from 5 different places of Jilin province in the wild and their corresponding cultivated fruiting bodies derived from tissue separation were analyzed for major nutritional components,amino acids,vitamins,mineral elements and ashes,respectively.The results showed that the wild fruiting bodies contained higher contents of dietary fiber,polysaccharide,ratio of medicinal and delicious amino acids to total amino acids than those of the cultivated ones.In contrast,the cultivated fruiting bodies contained more crude protein,crude fat,carbohydrate,ash,proportion of essential amino acids,ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids,and vitamins A,E,B2 and B3 than the wild ones.According to amino acids scores(AAS)and chemical scores(CS),the first limiting amino acid of the 5 wild H.erinaceus was isoleucine,and the first limiting amino acid of the cultivated H.erinaceus were lysine and isoleucine.

关 键 词：子实体 营养成分 氨基酸 维生素 矿物元素 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]