三缸机车型的机遇与挑战  

Opportunities and Challenges of 3-cylinder Engine Models

作　　者：金璐 曹一哲 李宏伟 Jin Lu;Cao Yizhe;Li Hongwei

机构地区：[1]中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司中汽数据有限公司,天津市300300

出　　处：《时代汽车》2020年第21期17-20,共4页Auto Time

摘　　要：为应对日益严格的油耗法规,发动机的小型化、少缸化已成为企业节能技术的重要手段。截止2019年,国产三缸机车型市场规模达到113.50万辆,占汽油车型总销量的5.90%;三缸发动机通过增加双质量飞轮、正时系统和双模扭转减振器等零部件,以及搭配混动系统、可变压缩比和停缸等技术,其NVH综合表现、可靠性和燃油经济性等方面均有大幅提升。但消费者对三缸发动机的固有印象不佳,导致三缸机车型上市后表现不一。其中,主打高性价比的凌派、以价换市的宝马X1,有效拉动了市场需求;而全系换搭三缸发动机的英朗、福克斯则难抵消费者转向其他品牌,导致整体销量一路走低。步入2020年后,面对着五阶段油耗法规越加严苛、WLTC工况切换、消费者偏好及部分企业战略转回四缸发动机,三缸机车型或将面临更大的机遇与挑战。In order to meet the increasingly stringent fuel consumption regulations,miniaturization of engines and reduction of cylinders seem to have been an significant method for enterprises to save energy.As of 2019,there were 1.135 million vehicles powered by 3-cylinder engines hitting the market,accounting for 5.90%of the total sales of gasoline-powered models.Equipped with components such as dual-mass flywheel,CVVT and dual-mode torsion damper,as well as the technologies like hybrid system,variable compression ratios,cylinder deactivation,etc.,the 3cylinder engines have been greatly enhanced in NVH performance,reliability,fuel economy,etc.However,lots of consumers have poor impression upon the 3-cylinder engines,which has caused inconsistent performance since the 3-cylinder engine models were put into the market.Among them,the Honda Crider,which features best cost-effectiveness,and BMW X1 which uses cheap price for good market size,have effectively driven the market demands,while the Excelle and Focus,with their entire fleet equipped with 3-cylinder engines,have failed to stop consumers from chasing other brands,resulting in sales going downhill.In 2020,under the circumstances of the more stringent fuel consumption regulations under Stage 5,switching to WLTC,consumer preferences and strategic re-adoption of 4-cylinder engines by some enterprises,the 3-cylinder models will be confronted with greater opportunities and challenges.

关 键 词：三缸发动机 三缸机车型 混动系统 可变压缩比 停缸 

分 类 号：U46[机械工程—车辆工程]