地名翻译中的目标语倾向性  

Target-language Preference in Translating Geographical Names

作　　者：李捷[1,2] LI Jie(Fudan University;Jinan University)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学 [2]暨南大学

出　　处：《标准科学》2020年第11期36-43,共8页Standard Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(一等资助;项目编号:2016M600276);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(项目编号:16YJC740038);广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划项目(项目编号:GD16YWW03);国家社会科学基金青年项目(项目编号:17CYY003)的资助。

摘　　要：本文从目标语倾向原则讨论了地名的英汉互译问题。依据地名单一罗马化国际标准,全球地名译拼写统一使用罗马字。英语使用罗马字体系,汉语使用汉字体系,属于两种不同的语码。为了更有效地将两种语系的地名翻译出来,本文提出了"目标语倾向原则"。根据此原则,翻译英语地名时,应选用高频汉字,最好读音接近地名源语;将汉语地名以拼音形式转写成英语地名时,应以英语读音的形式来标注其读音,以便英语受众阅读,提高译文质量。This paper discusses how to translate English geographical names into Chinese and vice versa.In accordance to the international standardization of geographical names,Romanization System is applied to translating and transcribing all the geographical names worldwide.As a member in the family of Romanization System,English language is a different linguistic code in comparison with Chinese,which is a character-system.In order to translate geographical names in and between the two languages,the Principle of Target-language Preference has been proposed.It requires that high frequency Chinese characters and transliteration should be used in translating English geographical names into Chinese.When Chinese geographical names are translated into English by Pinyin,the Principle emphasizes that the consonants and vowels of Pinyin should be transcribed into English.Consequently,the users of English(i.e.,the Target-language)are able to read and memorize them.

关 键 词：目标语偏好原则 罗马化 地名 源语 语码 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]