抗性淀粉生理功能及作用机制的研究进展  

Recent Progress in Physiological Functions and Mechanism of Action of Resistant Starch

作　　者：闫国森 郑环宇[1,2] 孙美馨 丁阳月 张志华 许慧 陈昊 YAN Guosen;ZHENG Huanyu;SUN Meixin;DING Yangyue;ZHANG Zhihua;XU Hui;CHEN Hao(School of Food Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute,National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学食品学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省绿色食品科学研究院,国家大豆工程技术研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《食品科学》2020年第21期330-337,共8页Food Science

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD22B01);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA102208);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(ZD2019C005)。

摘　　要：抗性淀粉(resistant starch,RS)作为一种口感良好、来源广泛的新兴食品,由于物理包埋、结构改变等原因使其具有抵抗α-淀粉酶消化的特点,RS在胃和小肠中不被消化吸收,最终在大肠中被肠道菌群发酵分解。RS在进入大肠后,能够增大肠道内容物体积,加速肠道转运,且在被大肠菌群发酵利用的同时,可以改变肠道菌群结构,并通过分解产物,如丁酸盐等短链脂肪酸,在代谢及分子水平发挥益生作用,对许多疾病有着良好的预防和缓解作用。本文主要综述了RS在人体内对结直肠癌、糖尿病和慢性肾病的预防和缓解作用方面的最新研究,阐述了RS在代谢水平和分子水平的作用途径,总结了RS在人体内发挥生理功能的主要方式。同时对RS生理功能的研究进行展望,以期进一步发掘其潜在价值。Resistant starch(RS)is a kind of emerging food ingredient that contributes to good mouth feeling and there are wide sources of RS.RS can resist digestion byα-amylase due to physical entrapment and structural alterations and cannot be digested or absorbed in the stomach and small intestine but eventually be fermented and decomposed by the large intestine microflora.RS can increase the volume of intestinal contents and speed up intestinal transport after entering the large intestine,and it can also change the structure of intestinal flora.At the metabolic and molecular level,RS exerts probiotic properties to prevent and alleviate many diseases through decomposition products,such as butyrate and other short-chain fatty acids.In this paper,the latest studies on the preventive and alleviating effects of RS on colorectal cancer(CRC),diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease(CKD)are reviewed,and the major pathways of action of RS are elucidated at the metabolic and molecular levels.Besides,an outlook is given on future studies on the physiological functions of RS,which will hopefully extend its potential value in the future.

关 键 词：抗性淀粉 丁酸盐 结直肠癌 糖尿病 慢性肾病 

分 类 号：TS231[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]