基于核酸适配体传感器检测食品致病菌的研究进展  

Research Progress of DNA Aptasensors for Foodborne Pathogen Detection

作　　者：王琦 颜春蕾 高洪伟[2] 吴薇 杨庆利 WANG Qi;YAN Chun-lei;GAO Hong-wei;WU Wei;YANG Qing-li(College of Food Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109;Electromechanic Engineering College,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,青岛266109 [2]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2020年第11期245-258,共14页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81703228);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0400105);中国博士后科学基金(2019M652320);山东省高等学校青创人才引育团队(2019-135)。

摘　　要：核酸适配体是可以识别并与靶标分子结合的单链DNA或RNA分子。由于适配体具有良好的特异性、稳定性、选择性、易于修饰和亲和力高等特点,在病原检测和其他小分子识别方面具有很大的潜力。综述了适配体的筛选技术以及适配体应用技术,包括比色法、可见光谱法、荧光法、电化学法、表面增强拉曼法和胶体金试纸条法等在食源性致病菌检测中的应用。目前适配体传感器在检测食品致病菌领域取得了显著进展。然而核酸适配体应用方面的挑战和缺陷仍需克服。Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules which possess specific identification and binding ability to their targets.Aptamers present breathtaking potential in the field of foodborne pathogen detection and other bio-molecular recognition,owing to their excellent specificity,stabilization,selectivity,simplicity of modification,and high affinity.This review outlines the technologies of aptamer screening and aptamer application,including colorimetric assays,visible spectrum assay,fluorescence assays,electrochemical assays,surface-enhanced Raman assays,and gold-nanoparticle lateral flow assays in the determination of foodborne pathogens.Until now,the remarkable progress(more rapid,sensitive,and accurate)in the monitoring of foodborne pathogen on aptasensor has been achieved;however,there are still many challenges and flaws in their utilization to be overcome.

关 键 词：适配体 食品安全 快速检测 SELEX 大肠杆菌 沙门氏菌 

分 类 号：TS207.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TP212[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]