哮喘与阿尔茨海默病  

Asthma and Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：甘文静 王蓉[1,2] Gan Wenjing;Wang Rong(Central Laboratory,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100053,China;Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院中心实验室,北京市老年病医疗研究中心,神经变性病教育部重点实验室,北京100053 [2]北京脑重大疾病研究院,北京100053

出　　处：《国际老年医学杂志》2020年第6期410-412,416,共4页International Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFAD0108503);北京市医院管理局临床医学发展专项经费(扬帆计划)(ZYLX201706)。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种隐匿起病的神经退行性病变,典型的病理改变为β淀粉样肽蛋白(Aβ)沉积所形成的老年斑(SP),细胞内异常磷酸化Tau蛋白聚集形成神经纤维缠结(NFTs)以及大脑皮层和海马区神经元细胞丢失。AD在老年人群中发病率极高,已经严重影响到老年人群的生活质量,并且给社会发展和人类健康带来了严重的负担。迄今为止其发病机制并不清楚。白三烯作为一种哮喘相关的炎症因子,在AD病变中的作用已被越来越多的研究证实。它不仅可以影响神经细胞的活性,抑制神经细胞再生,增加血脑屏障的通透性,还可以促进神经炎症,导致Aβ的产生,诱导神经元凋亡,促进Tau过度磷酸化,破坏突触的完整性,从而加重认知功能损害。本文将对哮喘与AD的关系及白三烯在AD中的作用进行综述。Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a type of neurodegenerative disease with occult onset.The typical pathological changes include senile plaques(SP)formed by deposition of beta-amyloid protein(Aβ),neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)caused by aggregation of abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins,and loss of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.The incidence of AD is extremely high among the older people,which has seriously affected the quality of life of them,as well as has brought a tremendous burden to social development and human health.Up to now,the pathogenesis of AD was still unclear.As an asthma-related inflammatory factor,the role of leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of AD has been confirmed by more and more studies.It can not only affect the nerve cell activity,inhibit the neurogenesis,increase the permeability of blood-brain barrier,but also promote neuroinflammation,leading to the production of Aβ,induce neuronal apoptosis,promote tau hyperphosphorylation,and destroy the integrity of synapses.Thus,cognitive impairment is aggravated.This article will review the relationship between asthma and AD and the role of leukotrienes in AD.

关 键 词：白三烯 阿尔茨海默病 β淀粉样肽蛋白 TAU 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R562.25[医药卫生—临床医学]