汉字构形的理据性及习得策略研究  

The rationality of Chinese character formation and the study of learning strategy

作　　者：王嘉天 王振来[2] Wang Jiatian;Wang Zhenlai(School of International Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;School of International Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学国际教育学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]辽宁师范大学国际教育学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期145-150,共6页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学基金资助项目“俄罗斯学生习得汉字问题及解决对策研究”(L18BYY009)。

摘　　要：汉字是为了记载和交际的需要而创造出来的,汉字的构形与当时人们对世界的认知密不可分。我们的祖先能把客观世界符号化,从汉字字形可以了解客观世界和人的认知心理。汉字的造字理据是“观物取像”,又不只是停留在具体的表象,而是对客观事物进行主观加工,实现抽象化的过程。汉字是汉民族认知世界的结晶,大部分汉字中蕴含着独特的文化信息。本文从汉字构形系统中的层级体系、组合关系和聚合关系分析汉字构形的理据性,基于构形视角对留学生习得汉字提出具体的教学策略。Chinese characters were created for the purpose of documenting and communicating,and the composition of Chinese characters was inextricable from people’s understanding of the world at that time.Our ancestors were able to symbolize the objective world and understand the objective world and human cognitive psychology from the Chinese characters.The writing rationale of Chinese characters is“view image”,and it does not just stay in the concrete appearance,but the process of subjective processing of objective things and abstraction.Chinese characters are the crystallization of the cognitive world of the Han people,and most chinese characters contain unique cultural information.This paper analyzes the rationality of Chinese character formation from the hierarchical system,combination relationship and aggregation relationship of Chinese character formation system,and puts forward a specific teaching strategy for Russian students to learn Chinese characters from the perspective of formation.

关 键 词：汉字构形 理据性 留学生 习得策略 

分 类 号：H122[语言文字—汉语]