播期对秋播鲜食糯玉米产量和品质的影响  

Effects of sowing date on yield and quality of autumn-sown fresh waxy maize

作　　者：魏琪 李广浩 陆卫平[1] 陆大雷[1] WEI Qi;LI Guanghao;LU Weiping;LU Dalei(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivationand Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Imnovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/College of Agriculture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2020年第5期15-23,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200703、2016YFD0300109);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31771709);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系专项[JATS(2019)458];江苏省农业自主创新基金项目[CX(19)3056];江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(2014-12)。

摘　　要：以12个鲜食糯玉米品种为材料,研究秋播条件下早播(7月1日)和迟播(8月1日)对鲜食糯玉米产量和品质的影响。结果表明:不同品种播期下产量变化趋势不一,JYN9和CTN6在2个播期下鲜果穗和鲜籽粒产量均较高。与早播相比,迟播籽粒中淀粉和水分含量总体上增加,可溶性糖和蛋白质含量降低,但不同品种对播期响应不一。迟播条件下各品种淀粉平均粒径和碘结合力显著降低。峰值黏度不同品种中除HYHN402和SKN1501受播期影响较小外,其他品种迟播时显著降低,且所有品种迟播时糊化温度显著降低。回生值不同品种对播期响应不一。结合品种产量与品质表现,早播选择JYN9有利于高产且籽粒黏度较高,迟播选择CTN6,其产量高且回生值低,迟播因较高的籽粒含水量应适当晚收。In this study,the effects of sowing date(early sowing date,1-July;late sowing date,1-August)on yield and quality of autumn-sown fresh waxy maize were studied using 12 waxy maize varieties in 2016.Results showed that the yields response to sowing dates was dependent on varieties,and the fresh ear and grain yield of JYN9 and CTN6 were highest among various varieties under both sowing dates.In comparison with early sowing,late sowing increased the grain starch and moisture contents and reduced soluble sugar and protein contents on average,but responses differed among 12 varieties.The mean starch granule size and starch iodine binding capacity of grain produced from late sowing date were significantly lower than its counterpart that from early sowing date.Among 12 varieties,the pasting temperature of all varieties was lower under late sowing date,while peak viscosity in HYHN402 and SKN1501 was similar between two sowing dates but the other varieties produced lower value under late sowing date.The grain retrogradation percentage in response to sowing dates was dependent on varieties.In conclusion,based on the yield and quality differences among the test varieties,selecting JYN9 at early sowing date could get high yield and high pasting viscosities,while CTN6 was a good variety with high yield and low retrogradation percentage.The high grain moisture content under late sowing date indicated the varieties sowing late in autumn season should postpone the harvest date.

关 键 词：鲜食糯玉米 播期 产量 糊化特性 热力学特性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]