河北省某高校大学生营养知信行分析  

Analysis on KAP of Nutrition Among College Students in Hebei Province

作　　者：梁淑新[1] 张建芬[2] 张娜[2] 何海蓉[2] 刘树芳[3] 马冠生[2,4] LIANG Shu-xin;ZHANG Jian-fen;ZHANG Na;HE Hai-rong;LIU Shu-fang;MA Guan-sheng(Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China;Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Public Health,Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China;Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学附属医院,河北保定071000 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191 [3]河北大学公共卫生学院,河北保定071000 [4]食品安全毒理学研究与评价北京市重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2020年第11期80-84,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:81673146)。

摘　　要：目的:了解河北省某高校大学生营养知信行情况,分析其可能存在的问题,为后期健康宣教提供科学依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,于2017年3月在河北省保定市某高校抽取调查对象共718名,利用自身设计问卷对大学生营养知识、态度及行为情况进行调查。结果:共发放问卷718份,回收有效问卷715份,完成率为99.6%。调查对象年龄为19.3±1.3岁。调查对象对蛋白质、钙、铁含量丰富的食物知晓率分别为88.5%、74.7%、89.9%。分别有99.0%、99.0%、96.2%的调查对象认为,营养对健康重要、愿意改变饮食习惯、对营养知识感兴趣。在理想获得营养知识途径中,网络是调查对象第一选择(62.5%),其次为校园宣传/课堂教学(49.8%)。在日常饮食行为上,过去1周内每天吃蔬菜、水果、牛奶及奶制品、蛋类、豆类、饮料类比例分别为62.4%、26.7%、27.6%、37.9%、21.3%、7.4%;过去1周内几乎不吃蔬菜、水果、牛奶及奶制品、蛋类、鱼虾等水产品、豆类比例分别为2.2%、7.6%、13.7%、9.4%、79.2%、16.6%。不同性别、不同年级及不同专业学生在不同食物每周进食次数上存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:调查对象营养知识掌握较好,态度较好,但饮食行为不合理,需开展相关健康宣教,促使其养成良好的饮食习惯。Objective To understand the nutrition knowledge,attitude and practice of college students in Hebei province,and to analyze the possible problems,and provide scientific basis for the health education.Method A total of 718 subjects were selected from a university in Baoding city,Hebei province in March 2017 by random cluster sampling.The nutrition knowledge,attitude and behavior information of college students were investigated by self-designed questionnaire.Result Totally 715 effective questionnaires were recovered,the completion rate was 99.6%.The age of the subjects was(19.3±1.3)years old.The awareness rates of protein,calcium and iron rich foods were 88.5%,74.7%and 89.9%,respectively,and there were 99.0%,99.0%,96.2%of the respondents believed that nutrition was important to health,were willing to change their eating habits,and interested in nutrition knowledge.In the ideal way of obtaining nutrition knowledge,network was the first choice(62.5%)and campus propaganda/classroom teaching(49.8%)was the second one.In daily eating behavior,the proportion of regular eating vegetables,fruits,milk and dairy products,eggs,beans and beverages in the past week was 62.4%,26.7%,27.6%,37.9%,21.3%and 7.4%respectively.The proportion of almost no eating vegetables,fruits,milk and dairy products,eggs,fish and shrimp and aquatic products and beans in the past week was 2.2%,7.6%,13.7%,9.4%,79.2%and 16.6%respectively.There were significant differences in the number of times of eating food per week among students of different gender,different grades and different majors(P<0.05).Conclusion The subjects had better nutritional knowledge and attitude,but their eating behavior was unreasonable,so health education should be carried out to promote them to develop good eating habits.

关 键 词：营养 知识 态度 行为 健康 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]