中文词汇加工过程中的无关言语效应  

The Effect of Irrelevant Speech on Chinese Word Processing

作　　者：俞锦旺 孟珠 秦钊 邓志洲 赵绍晨 闫国利[1,2,3] YU Jinwang;MENG Zhu;QIN Zhao;DENG Zhizhou;ZHAO Shaochen;YAN Guoli(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin 300387;Department of Automotive Engineering,Guangdong Mechanical&Electrical Polytechnic,Guangzhou 510515;Department of Applied Psychology,Guangdong University of Finance&Economics,Guangzhou 510320;Department of Basic,China People’s Police University,Guangzhou 510663)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387 [3]学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387 [4]广东机电职业技术学院汽车学院,广州510515 [5]广东财经大学应用心理学系,广州510320 [6]中国人民警察大学基础部,广州510663

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2020年第5期611-617,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：天津市教学成果奖重点培育项目(PYJJ-039);天津师范大学2017年博士研究生学术新人项目(2017BSXR004)。

摘　　要：通过两个词汇识别任务,考察词汇加工过程中的无关言语效应。实验1采用真假词判断任务,考察有意义言语、无意义言语、白噪音和安静的背景声音对不同具体性的词汇识别的影响。结果发现,仅有意义言语干扰了词汇识别,且主要体现在对低具体性词汇判断的反应时显著增加。实验2采用了语义范畴判断任务,同样发现有意义言语条件下被试的反应时显著大于其他声音条件。结果表明,中文词汇加工过程中存在无关言语效应,且当任务强调语义加工时,干扰主要源于无关言语的语义成分,支持了语义干扰假说。In the present study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the irrelevant speech effects in the word processing by using lexical task. In Experiment 1, we used a 4(background speech: meaningful speech, meaningless speech, white noises, silence) × 2(word type: concrete word, abstract word) within-subjects design. Forty-four college students were required to perform visual lexical decision tasks on words and pseudowords under four conditions. The results showed that only meaningful words interfered with word recognition, which was mainly reflected in the response to the judgment of abstract words. However, there was no significant influence on the judgment of concrete words. Experiment 2 adopted the semantic category judgment task which is more dependent on semantic processing, and it was also found that the response time of subjects in meaningful speech condition was significantly higher than that in other acoustic conditions. The results show that there is irrelevant speech effect in the process of Chinese word processing, and when the task emphasizes semantic processing, the interference mainly comes from the semantic component of irrelevant speech, which supports the semantic-interference hypothesis.

关 键 词：中文词汇加工 词汇判断 语义范畴 无关言语效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]