汉语拼音学习对美国小学儿童英语语音意识的影响  

A Study on the Influence of Chinese Pinyin Learning on American Elementary School Students English Phonological Awareness

作　　者：刘璟之 徐彩华[2] 张金桥[3] 舒华[4] Liu Jingzhi;Xu Caihua;Zhang Jinqiao;Shu Hua(School of International Education,Nanjing University of the Arts,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210013,China;Chinese Language&Culture College of Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;College of Chinese language and Culture,Jinan University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510610,China;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]南京艺术学院国际教育学院,江苏南京210013 [2]北京师范大学汉语文化学院,北京100875 [3]暨南大学华文学院,广东广州510610 [4]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2020年第4期49-57,共9页TCSOL Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“国际少儿汉语拼音通用能力标准研究”(19FYYB038);北京市社会科学基金重大项目“国际少儿汉语通用能力标准研究”(17ZDA10)。

摘　　要：汉语拼音学习对儿童母语单词认读及语音意识的影响是海外儿童汉语教学中重要的理论问题。本文以英汉发音易混淆词为测查材料(如英语"cat、long、noun",汉语"me、sun、he"),对比美国某地学习/不学习汉语的小学一、四年级儿童,对实验组进行了为期一年的追踪。结果发现:(1)在每两周三次汉语课(每次30分钟)的教学条件下,实验组易混英语单词读音成绩与控制组无差异,偏误类型中也未发现汉语拼音影响痕迹。相反,易混汉语拼音单词读音成绩受英语读音干扰非常明显,表现出外语学习的弱势,结果与国外同类研究一致;(2)学习汉语半年后,一年级实验组的英语语音意识成绩高于对照组,而且交叉滞后检验发现早期易混汉语拼音单词读音成绩与英语语音意识高度关联,两者都对半年后的汉语口语成绩有中度预测作用。文章讨论了上述结果对海外儿童汉语教学的意义。The influence of Chinese pinyin learning on childrens mother tongue words recognition and phonological awareness is an important theoretical issue in overseas childrens Chinese teaching.This article uses English and Chinese words of confusing pronunciation as experimental materials(such as"cat,long,noun"in English,and"me,sun,he"in Chinese)and compares the 1 stand 4 thgraders in a certain place in the United States who learn or do not learn Chinese.The experimental group was followed up for one year.The results showed that:(1)Under the teaching condition of obtaining Chinese lessons three times every two weeks(30 minutes each time),there was no difference in the performance of commonly mispronounced English words read aloud between the experimental group and the control group,and no traces of the influence of pinyin were found in the error types.On the contrary,the performance of commonly mispronounced Chinese pinyin read aloud test was significantly interfered by English pronunciation,showing weakness in foreign language learning,and the results were consistent with those of similar foreign studies;(2)After six months of learning Chinese,the English phonological awareness performance of the 1 thgrade experimental group was higher than the 1 thgrade control group.The cross-validation test found that performance of commonly mispronounced Chinese pinyin read aloud test was highly correlated with English phonological awareness,and both of them had a moderate predictive effect on the performance of Chinese fluency test in six months later.The article discusses the significance of the above results for teaching Chinese to overseas children.

关 键 词：汉语拼音 语音意识 美国 小学儿童 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]