中学生生活事件和抑郁的关系:认知灵活性的中介作用  

Relationship between life events and depression in middle school students:the mediating role of cognitive flexibility

作　　者：张晓鸣 乞盟 李红娟 林靖宇 刘华清[2] 陈景旭[2] 苏允爱[1] ZHANG Xiao-ming;QI Meng;LI Hong-juan;LIN Jing-yu;LIU Hua-qing;CHEN Jing-xu;SU Yun-ai(Peking University Institute of Mental Health,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室,(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),100083 [2]北京回龙观医院 [3]承德医学院

出　　处：《临床精神医学杂志》2020年第6期393-397,共5页Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81630031);首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2018-3-2132)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨认知灵活性在中学生生活事件引起的抑郁的中介作用。方法:收集1232名山东省中学生的一般人口学资料,并进行Kutcher青少年抑郁量表(KADS-11)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)及认知灵活度调查问卷(CFI)中文版评估;以KADS-11≥9分为有抑郁症状,据此将入组者分为抑郁组(521名)及非抑郁组(710名);比较两组的一般人口学资料及ASLEC、CFI评分;采用Logistic回归检验认知灵活性与抑郁症状的相关性,路径分析探讨其在生活事件和抑郁症状间的中介作用。结果:42.3%中学生存在抑郁症状;抑郁组ASLEC评分明显高于非抑郁组,CFI评分明显低于非抑郁组(P均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,CFI中可选择性和可控性与KADS-11呈正相关(P均<0.01);路径分析显示可控性能够调节生活事件对青少年抑郁的影响。结论:中学生存在抑郁症状比例高,受生活事件影响大,认知灵活性差。面临生活应激时,认知控制好的中学生发生抑郁的可能性较低。Objective:Adolescents are the critical period of individual psychological development.This study investigated adolescent depression-related factors and explored whether cognitive flexibility mediates the relationships between depression and life events.Method:A total of 1,232 middle school students in Shandong Province were surveyed.The 11 Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scales was used to assess depression.And also,the life events and cognitive flexibility were evaluated.The logistic regression analysis tested the association between cognitive flexibility and depressive symptoms,and the path analysis explored the mediating role of cognitive flexibility between life events and depression.Results:The proportion of adolescents with depressive symptoms was 42.3%.The depression group had higher levels of life events and poorer cognitive flexibility than the non-depressed group(all P<0.01).The selectivity and controllability in cognitive flexibility were correlated with depressive symptoms(all P<0.01).Controllability can regulate the impact of life events on adolescent depression.Conclusion:Adolescents have a high proportion of depressive symptoms.Adolescent depression is greatly affected by life events and their cognitive flexibility is poor.In the face of life stress,individuals with better cognitive control are less likely to develop depression.

关 键 词：青少年 抑郁 生活事件 认知灵活性 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]