课堂教学中词语讲解失误的常见类型分析  

Analysis on the Common Types of Word Interpretation Errors in Classroom Teaching

作　　者：苏英霞[1] SU Yingxia

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语速成学院

出　　处：《国际汉语教学研究》2020年第4期47-56,共10页Journal of International Chinese Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“基于汉语词汇特征的二语词汇教学实证研究”(15JJD740006);北京语言大学梧桐创新平台项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)“汉语第二语言词汇教学的实证研究创新平台”(17PT02);北京市社会科学基金项目“计算机辅助下的汉语中介语混淆词语研究”(15WYB054)经费支持。

摘　　要：本文基于对183个课堂词汇教学案例的观察,概括了中文教师在课堂教学中讲解生词时失误的常见类型──说明有误、说明不足和说明冗余,并结合具体案例进行分析。其中,说明有误指的是教师在释词过程中,词义说明有误或模糊,知识传达有偏差;说明不足指的是说明不充分,重要知识点缺失;说明冗余指的是教学内容超出学生的理解范围或为非必要知识。研究发现,教师讲词失误会导致学生出现理解困难、理解偏差、输出不畅及使用偏误。Based on an observation of 183 teaching cases,this article presents the common types of errors teachers make while interpreting vocabulary:inaccurate interpretation,insufficient interpretation and redundant interpretation.It also analyzes these errors specifically according to the teaching cases.Firstly,inaccurate interpretation means that the teacher,in the process of teaching,gives an incorrect or a vague explanation of the word and imparts erroneous interpretations to the learners.Next,insufficient interpretation means insufficient explanation with important knowledge points missing.Thirdly,redundant interpretation means that the interpretation of the word goes beyond the learners’comprehension or is unnecessary to them.According to the research,errors made by the teachers in the process of interpreting vocabulary may cause difficulties for the learners,hindering them from understanding and using the words correctly.

关 键 词：第二语言课堂教学 词汇教学 词汇讲解 教学案例 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]