基因组学在食品安全微生物监控中的应用  

Application of genomics in food safety microbial monitoring

作　　者：高惠敏 颜春荣 张蕾 徐春祥 GAO Hui-Min;YAN Chun-Rong;ZHANG Lei;XV Chun-Xiang(Jiangsu Institute for Food and Drug Control,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省食品药品监督检验研究院,南京210008

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2020年第21期7975-7980,共6页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1600806);江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(KJ196039)。

摘　　要：随着测序技术和生物信息学的发展,基于高通量的全基因组测序技术在食品安全领域的运用越来越广泛,尤其在食源性疾病暴发病原的检测与诊断上具有明显的优势。与传统的检测手段相比,基于全基因组测序的检测技术具有覆盖面广、灵敏度高和遗传信息丰富的优点。本文综述了基因组测序技术的主要方法及基本原理,总结了国内外全基因组测序技术用于食源性微生物检测和监控的研究进展,探讨了基因组学技术在致病菌监测中仍待解决的问题,并对基因组学在食品安全检测领域的应用进行了分析和展望。With the development of sequencing technology and bioinformatics, high-throughput based whole genome sequencing has been widely used in the field of food safety, especially in the detection and diagnosis of pathogen outbreaks. Compared with the traditional detection methods, whole genome sequencing detection technology has the advantages of wide coverage, high sensitivity and rich genetic information. This paper reviewed the main methods and basic principles of whole genome sequencing technology used in the field of food safety, summarized the research progress of whole genome sequencing technology for foodborne microbiological detection, discussed the problems to be solved in the application of genomics in pathogen monitoring, and analyzed and prospected the application of genomics in the field of food safety detection.

关 键 词：基因组测序 食源性微生物 生物信息学 细菌分型 

分 类 号：TS207.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]