儒家文化与日本明治维新时期的国民教育路径  

The Influence of Confucian Culture on the Course of Japanese‘National Education’in the Meiji Period

作　　者：杨达 Chi Zhen[4] Yang Da(the School of Public Administration Guizhou University;the School of Economics and the Institute of Chinese Karst Rural Revitalization at Guizhou University;Guizhou Higher Think Tank for Grass-Roots Social Administration and Innovation Guizhou University;the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学公共管理学院 [2]贵州大学贵州基层社会治理创新高端智库 [3]贵州大学经济学院/中喀研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences

出　　处：《孔学堂》2020年第4期91-99,J0081-J0090,共19页Confucian Academy

基　　金：贵州省2018年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题“儒家资本主义学说与二战后日本‘绿色’联通战略研究”(项目批准号:18GZGX22);2017年贵州大学贵州省农林经济管理国内一流学科建设项目(项目批准号:GNYL[2017]002);贵州基层社会治理创新高端智库建设项目的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：日本明治维新时期的国民教育路径受到儒学、国学和兰学的综合影响,特别就以儒家学说为指导思想的儒家文化而言,从1868年明治维新开启到1879年明治政府起草《教学圣旨》,其在国民教育路径中的影响得到重塑;而到1890年《教育敕语》颁布,其对国民教育路径产生更为强烈的影响。儒家文化作为精神动能虽对日本改革起到极为关键的推动作用,但在国民教育路径中却被异化为与天皇制国家的发展结合,并被融入"保护—忠诚"体系和"护持国体"的建构中。The course of Japanese"national education"was influenced by multiple factors such as Confucianism,Kokugaku(National Learning),and Rangaku(Dutch Learning)in the Meiji period.Speaking particularly to Japan’s dominant traditional culture based on Confucianism,the Confucian influence on the path to national education was reshaped between the commencement of the Meiji Restoration in 1868 and the promulgation of the 1879 Imperial Edict on General Principles of Education.By 1890,the Imperial Rescript on Education went into effect and made Confucian influence even stronger.Confucian culture acted as a spiritual driving force and played a crucial role in promoting reform in Japan.On the other hand,it was also distorted to serve the Japanese imperial system and melded into the Japanese systems of protection-allegiance and kokutai(national polity).

关 键 词：儒家文化 明治维新 日本 国民教育 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学] K313.41[历史地理—历史学] G531.3[历史地理—世界史]