二甲肼诱导大鼠结肠癌模型的建立及其病理学特征和肠道菌群变化  

Establishment of colon cancer model of rat induced by DMH and analysis of its pathological characteristics and intestinal flora

作　　者：杨琼[1] 孙元水[1] 张喆[1] 胡抢 余碧英 YANG Qiong;SUN Yuan-shui;ZHANG Zhe;HU Zheng;YU Bi-ying(Litongde Hospital,Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省立同德医院胃肠胰外科,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2020年第21期3242-3246,共5页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划基金资助项目(2019RC319)。

摘　　要：目的研究二甲肼(DMH)诱导大鼠结肠癌模型的建立及其病理学特征、肠道菌群变化。方法将70只3月龄Wistar大鼠随机均分为模型组、对照组,模型组经皮下注射DMH建立结肠癌大鼠模型,对照组大鼠注射同等剂量的生理盐水,对两组大鼠的病理学特征和肠道菌群变化进行观察。结果DMH注射12周后,模型组中部分大鼠肛门处可见红肿溃破,结肠上皮结构异常,腺体和淋巴组织增生明显,淋巴细胞浸润数量显著增加。16周后,模型组中多数大鼠在肠壁可见肿瘤结节,有溃疡坏死和菜花样改变。20周后,模型组大鼠的结肠结构紊乱,肿瘤血运丰富,有大量淋巴细胞浸润。对照组大鼠在实验期间未见异常。结肠癌累计成瘤率为85.71%,随着诱导时间增加,模型组大鼠的结肠癌发生率逐渐增加,结肠癌大鼠的分化程度逐渐向低分化发展,浸润癌、转移癌的比例逐渐增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。模型组大鼠的肠杆菌、肠球菌数目明显上升,乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数目明显下降,与对照组大鼠相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经皮下注射DMH能够成功建立与人结肠癌类似的结肠癌大鼠模型。结肠癌大鼠模型的肠道菌群结构和数目明显偏移,肠道菌群变化在结肠癌的发生、发展上能够发挥一定作用。OBJECTIVE To study the establishment of colon cancer model of rat induced by dimethylhydrazine(DMH)and analyze its pathological characteristics and intestinal flora.METHODS A total of 70 three-month-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into the model group and the control group.The model of colon cancer was established by subcutaneous injection of DMH in the model group,the rats in the control group were injected with the same dose of saline.The pathological characteristics and intestinal flora of the two groups of rats were observed.RESULTS After DMH injection for 12 weeks,some rats in the model group showed swelling and ulceration at the anus,abnormal colonic epithelial structure,obvious proliferation of glands and lymphoid tissue,and significant increase in lymphocyte infiltration.After the injection for 16 weeks,tumor nodules were found in the intestinal wall of most rats in the model group,accompanied by ulcerative necrosis and cauliflower-like changes.After the injection for 20 weeks,the tumors of the rats in the model group developed further,microscopic observation showed that the colon tissue structure was disordered,the blood supply of the tumors was abundant,and a large number of lymphocytes infiltrated.The rats in the control group showed no abnormal phenomena during the whole experiment.The cumulative tumorigenesis rate of colon cancer was 85.71%.With the increase of induction time,the incidence of colon cancer in model group increased gradually,the differentiation degree of colon cancer rats gradually developed to low differentiation degree,and the proportions of invasive and metastatic cancer gradually increased,and there were significant differences(P<0.05).The number of Enterobacter and Enterococcus in the model group increased significantly,while the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium decreased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Subcutaneous injection of DMH can successfully establish a rat model of colon cancer,which is similar to human colon cancer in pathology.The structure and number

关 键 词：结肠癌 大鼠模型 二甲肼 病理特征 肠道菌群分布 

分 类 号：R735.35[医药卫生—肿瘤]