面向结构振动主动控制的压电传感器与作动器优化配置方法  

Optimal placement of piezoelectric sensors and actuators for active structural vibration control

作　　者：黄全振 郭新军 张洋 陈素霞[3] 高继勋[3] HUANG Quanzhen;GUO Xinjun;ZHANG Yang;CHEN Suxia;GAO Jixun(School of Electrical Information Engineering,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou 451191,China;Henan Province Key Laboratory of Electronic Ceramic Materials and Application,Zhengzhou 451191,China;School of Computer,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou 451191,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工程学院电气信息工程学院,河南郑州451191 [2]河南省电子陶瓷材料与应用重点实验室,河南郑州451191 [3]河南工程学院计算机学院,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《中国测试》2020年第12期112-118,共7页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：国家自然科学联合基金项目(U1804162);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(21IRTSTHN017);河南省科技攻关项目(202102210109,192102210072);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(20B520006,20A413002)。

摘　　要：压电智能结构振动主动控制系统在机器人、航空航天等领域具有广泛的应用前景,其设计性能的好坏往往取决于传感器、作动器的数量和位置,若其配置不合理,将导致控制系统不收敛的可能性大大增加。该文以压电智能悬臂梁为研究对象,提出一种基于遗传算法的压电传感器、作动器优化配置方法。首先,依据研究模型提出传感器、作动器优化准则,建立优化目标函数;其次,求出压电悬臂梁的各阶固有频率、各阶模态应变等,将其代入优化目标函数;然后,采用小生境遗传算法得出传感器作动器数目与位置优化表,将各配置方案在振动控制系统中进行试验对比,得出最优配置方案;最后,将最优配置方案运用到结构振动控制实验平台进行验证。结果表明:振动控制效果良好,从而可间接地验证该文所提出的优化配置方案的可行性和有效性。The active vibration control system of piezoelectric intelligent structure is widely used in robot,aerospace and other fields.Its design performance often depends on the number and location of sensors and actuators.If the configuration is unreasonable,the possibility of non-convergence of control system will be greatly increased.An optimal configuration method for the piezoelectric sensor and the actuator based on genetic algorithm was proposed on the study of piezoelectric smart cantilever beam.First,the optimal objective function based on the optimal criteria of the sensor and the actuator was established.Second,each step natural frequency and all order modal strain into the optimal objective function were worked out.Genetic algorithms were used to draw preliminary optimal allocation program.Then,vibration experiments for all configuration schemes were compared,and ultimately determine the optimal one.Finally,the experiment platform for control system are established to test the experiment and the results show that the vibration control effect is good,so it also indirectly verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed optimal allocation scheme.

关 键 词：振动主动控制 优化配置 优化目标函数 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理] TP13[理学—声学]