听觉线索与个体差异对音乐紧张感加工的影响  

The influences of auditory cues and individual differences on the processing of musical tension

作　　者：孙丽君 马小龙 杨玉芳[2] SUN Lijun;MA Xiaolong;YANG Yufang(College of Art,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,211106,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学艺术学院,南京211106 [2]中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2021年第1期70-78,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31470985,31971034);中国博士后科学基金(Y9BH032001)资助。

摘　　要：音乐无他,张弛而已。音乐紧张感架起了客观音响与主观体验之间的桥梁,是音乐情绪产生的前提和基础。音乐紧张感加工的影响因素主要来自客体与主体两方面。研究发现,声学要素与调性结构是影响音乐紧张感诱发的声音线索,而文化背景与音乐能力是影响听者对紧张感加工的个体因素。未来需要对时间结构与长时程调性结构诱发的紧张感及其机制进行深入探究,这将有助于深化我们对音乐紧张感与情绪加工的认识。The pattern of tension-relaxation is an essential component in music.Musical tension,building a bridge between objective sound and subjective experience,is important for the generation of musical emotion.On the one hand,musical tension is influenced by acoustic elements and structural organizations of tonal hierarchy,which is supported by theoretic models and empirical studies.On the other hand,musical tension experienced by listeners is also affected by individual differences,such as cultural background and musical ability.Future studies should pay more attention to musical tension induced by temporal structure and large-scale tonal structure.Meanwhile,the mechanism of tension induction also needs to be examined,which will be helpful to deepen our understanding of tension and emotion processing in music.

关 键 词：音乐紧张感 调性结构 声学要素 文化背景 音乐能力 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]