涡度相关在估算棉田水分利用效率上的应用  

The Application of Eddy Covariance in Estimating Water Use Efficiency of Cotton Fields

作　　者：浩宇 杨承睿 张雪松[2] Hao Yu;Yang Chengrui;Zhang Xuesong(Shanxi Emergency Early Warning Information Release Center, Xi'an 710014;School of Applied Meterorology,Nanjing University of Information Teachnology, Nanjing 210044)

机构地区：[1]陕西省突发事件预警信息发布中心,西安710014 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044

出　　处：《湖北林业科技》2020年第6期26-29,共4页Hubei Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：以华北平原棉花农田尺度为研究对象,以中科院禹城综合观测站的涡度相关数据为基础,研究棉花蕾期、花铃期、吐絮期瞬态的CO2通量和热通量日变化特征,在此基础上计算农田的水分利用效率,并讨论水分利用效率的日变化、季节变化及其与Fc的关系,还讨论了水分利用效率的影响因子。结果表明,在无水分胁迫下CO2日变化为U型,其中正午为一个谷值区,此后CO2又逐渐增大。棉花的水分利用效率日变化趋势为早上较大,8:00左右达到最大,此后逐渐降低。比较不同生育期的水分利用效率的变化,花铃期的水分利用效率最高,在79.2~142.7 umol CO2/mmol H2O,蕾期为18.6~121.2 umol CO2/mmol H2O,吐絮期为42.5~124.5 umol CO2/mmol H2O。利用涡度相关技术,可以对所需的能量和质量通量(碳、水)进行直接测定,进而分析水分利用效率的规律,了解棉田水循环的特征,更好地促进棉花生产产量和质量的提高。The article take the scale of cotton fields in the north China plain as the research object.And,the article is based on the data of latent and sensible heat and CO2 fluxes,which were measured by eddy correlation system in cotton fields at Yucheng in the year of 2017.We study the diurnal features of transient CO2 and heat fluxes in cotton bud,flower and boll,boll opening stage,and take it as a base of estimating water use efficiency of cotton fields.Then we will discuss the diurnal,seasonal variation in water use efficiency,and we will also analysis the impact factors of water use efficiency.The results show that the diurnal variation of CO2 is a U style in the absence of water stress.At noon,there is a valley area,thereafter CO2 fluxes gradually increased.The diurnal variation tendency of water use efficiency in cotton fields is compuratively lager,and it reached the lagest number at about 8:00,then it decreased.The water use efficiency of cotton also has an obvious seasonal variation.Making a comparison in different growth periods,we conclude that the water use efficiency of flower and boll stage is the highest,which is 79.2~142.7umolCO2/mmolH2O,the water use efficiency of boll stage is 18.6~121.2 umolCO2/mmolH2O,and the water use efficiency of boll opening stage is 42.5~124.5 umolCO2/mmolH2O.

关 键 词：棉花 涡度相关 水分利用效率 潜热通量 感热通量 CO2通量 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]