花生品种缺失过敏蛋白的筛选和品种间过敏原性的比较  

Screening of Peanut Varieties with Deficiency of Allergen and Comparison of Allergenicity among Peanut Varieties

作　　者：高美须[1] 王传堂[2] 许舒婷[1] 牟慧[1] 王梦莉 姜小燕 GAO Mei-xu;WANG Chuan-tang;XU Shu-ting;MOU Hui;WANG Meng-li;JIANG Xiao-yan(Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab.of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100193,China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全收贮运管控重点实验室,北京100193 [2]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《花生学报》2020年第4期23-30,共8页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：食品安全关键技术研发重点专项(2017YFC1600900)。

摘　　要：本文研究了56个花生品种中8种主要过敏蛋白及其过敏原性的差异,为低致敏性花生的育种和消费提供支持。收集了33个中国花生品种和23个日本花生品种并统一种植,收获后进行花生品种间的致敏性差异性研究。利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和凝胶成像系统分析了花生主要过敏原的种类和含量,用免疫印迹和间接ELISA方法测定各花生品种的致敏蛋白及其过敏原性。结果发现,过敏原Ara h 1在56个品种中的相对含量最高,其次是Ara h 2(20 kDa)和Ara h 3(14 kDa)。中国花生品种中绥中大花生和沭阳大站秧缺失过敏蛋白Ara h 3(35 kDa),新金伏大、兴城大花生和如东碗儿青缺失过敏蛋白Ara h 3(24 kDa),日本花生品种JP-16与JP-19中过敏蛋白Ara h 3(24 kDa)缺失。用中国花生过敏患者的血清进行间接ELISA试验,发现中国花生的过敏原性较日本花生强,这可能与所用的血清来源于中国病人有关。中国花生品种中致敏性最低的是铁岭四粒红,最高的是营口四粒红。日本花生品种中JP-10的致敏性最强,JP-6的致敏性最低。决定花生的致敏性强弱的因素复杂,单纯过敏条带的缺失或含量高低和花生致敏性并不存在线性关系。In order to provide support on breeding and consume of hypo-allergenic peanut varieties,8 main allergenic proteins and their allergenicity difference from 56 Chinese and Japanese peanut varieties were analysed.33 Chinese peanut varieties and 23 Japanese peanut varieties were collected and planted in Qingdao,and the allergenicity of these 56 peanut varieties was studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,gel imaging system,western bloting and indirect ELISA.The results showed that the relative content of Ara h 1 was the highest in tested 8 allergen among 56 peanut varieties,followed by Ara h 2(20 kDa)and Ara h 3(14 kDa).The allergenic content of Japanese varieties was slightly lower than that of Chinese varieties.Ara h 3(35 kDa)was not found in varieties of Suizhong-dahuasheng and Suiyang-dazhanyang,and Ara h 3(24 kDa)was not found in varities of Xinjinfuda,Xingcheng-dahuasheng and Rudong-wanerqing.Japanese varieties JP-16 and JP-19 were lack of Ara h 3(24 kDa).The results of indirect ELISA test indicated that the allergenicity of Chinese peanuts was stronger than that of Japanese peanuts,which might be related to the type of human serum obtained from Chinese patients.The Chinese peanut variety with the lowerst allergenicity was Tieling-silihong,and the highest was Yingkou-silihong.Among the Japanese peanut varieties,JP-10 showed the strongest allergenicity,and JP-6 showed the lowest sensitization.The factors determining the allergenicity of peanuts are complicated.There is no linear relationship between the absence or content of allergenic proteins and peanut allergenicity.

关 键 词：花生 品种 过敏原 过敏原性 

分 类 号：S565.2037[农业科学—作物学] TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]