美国在工程教育中引入创新创业教育的发展及启示  

The Trend and Inspiration of Introducing Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education into Engineering Education in the United States

作　　者：李丽红 高桂娟[2] 金子祺[1] LI Li-hong;GAO Gui-juan;JIN Zi-qi(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Soochow University;School of Vocational and Technology Education,Tongji University)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学机电工程学院,江苏苏州215013 [2]同济大学职业技术教育学院教育经济与管理研究所,上海201804

出　　处：《教育理论与实践》2020年第34期33-37,共5页Theory and Practice of Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“面向知识关联整合的大学跨学科团队创新能力影响研究”(项目编号:71904139)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：面对全球产业升级与竞争加剧的挑战,美国持续推进工程教育改革,工程领域的创新与创业教育已经作为一种手段得到推广。美国在工程教育中引入创新创业教育的发展脉络及实践动态显示出,创新创业教育的拓展使得工程教育引入创新创业教育成为可能,国家层面的创新发展战略推动了工程教育领域的创新创业教育;工程教育自身也主动寻求改革创新,积极探索创新创业教育;工程教育引入创新创业教育正走向制度化与系统化。我国工程教育改革要进一步树立"大工程观"的思想理念,在明确培养目标的基础上,有针对性地构建工程教育与创新创业教育相融合的课程体系,探索创立工程创新创业专业及学位制度。Faced with the challenges of global industrial upgrading and intensified competition,the United States continues to promote the reform of engineering education.And entrepreneurship education in the engineering field has been promoted as a means.The development and practice of the introduction of innovation and entrepreneurship education into engineering education in the United States show the following trends.The expansion of innovation and entrepreneurship education makes it possible for engineering education to introduce innovation and entrepreneurship education.The strategy of development by innovation at the national level promotes the innovation and entrepreneurship education in the field of engineering education.Engineering education itself also actively seeks reform and innovation,and actively explores innovation and entrepreneurship education.The introduction of engineering education into innovation and entrepreneurship education is moving towards institutionalization and systematization.China’s engineering education reform should further establish the idea of"Grand Engineering Concept".On the basis of clear training objectives,the course system integrating engineering education and innovation and entrepreneurship education should be constructed pertinently,and the major and degree system of engineering innovation and entrepreneurship should be explored.

关 键 词：美国 工程教育改革 创新创业教育 工程人才培养 

分 类 号：G456[文化科学—教育学]