高等教育评价“双刃剑”:何以兴利除弊  

The Double-edged Sword Effects of Higher Education Evaluation:How to Seek Advantages and Avoid Disadvantages

作　　者：刘振天[1] 罗晶 LIU Zhen-tian;LUO Jing(不详)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心 [2]厦门大学教育研究院“教育部研究生访学基地(高等教育学)”访学 [3]苏州大学教育学院,厦门361005

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2021年第1期4-12,共9页University Education Science

摘　　要：教育评价是一把“双刃剑”,既有认知、说明、比较、激励、改进、提升等正向功用,也有导致工具化和功利化、加剧趋同化和分化等消极影响。科学用好教育评价这根指挥棒,对于促进教育事业健康发展、加快教育强国建设具有十分重要的意义。《中共中央、国务院关于深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》对教育评价改革做了全面系统设计和战略安排,为今后的教育评价改革指明了方向。以此为基础,扎实推进高等教育评价改革,有效发挥其正向功能,克服负面作用,一是要破除“五唯”,复归高等教育评价本来目的;二是要强化分类评价,促进高校多样发展和特色发展;三是要稳中求进,探索新的评价方式;四是要强调多元主体评价,推进评价治理现代化。Educational evaluation is like a"double-edged sword",which not only has positive functions such as cognition,explanation,comparison,motivation,improvement and promotion,but also has negative effects such as instrumentalization,utilitarianization,assimilation and differentiation.Scientific use of the baton of education evaluation is of great significance for the development of education and the construction of a strong educational country.The Overall Plan for Deepening Educational Evaluation Reform in the New Era makes a comprehensive and systematic design and strategic arrangement for the reform of educational evaluation,and points out the direction for future reform of educational evaluation.Based on the plan,four aspects are needed to promote the reform of higher education evaluation so as to maximize its positive functions and overcome its negative effects:firstly,we must resolve the deep-rooted problem of“five-only”and return to the original purpose of higher educational evaluation;secondly,we should strengthen classified evaluation to promote diversity and characteristics of colleges and universities;thirdly,new evaluation methods are needed to seek improvement while maintaining stability;fourthly,multiple-subjects evaluation is key to the modernization of educational evaluation and governance.

关 键 词：高等教育 教育评价 “五唯” “双刃剑” 分类评价 多元主体评价 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]