高纯度金钗石斛生物碱提取工艺的开发  

Optimizing the extraction process of alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile

作　　者：张丽君 李菲[2] 洪鲲[2] 张宇斌 乙引[2] ZHANG Lijun;LI Fei;HONG Kun;ZHANG Yubin;YI Yin(Science and Technology Department,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;School of Life Science/Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Development Regulation,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountain Area of Southwest of China,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学科学技术处,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学生命科学学院/植物生理与发育调控重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期30-35,共6页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Grant No.U1812401);贵州省科学技术厅联合基金(黔科合LH字[2015]7764号)。

摘　　要：通过设置不同pH、温度、酶解时间、酶用量和乙醇浓度等梯度条件,确定酶法提取生物碱的最适条件为酶用量7 mg酶/g石斛粉、缓冲液pH=5、酶解温度40℃、酶解时间2 h;提取条件在75%的乙醇、固液比为1∶12,碱化后在pH=8时,效果最好。将乙醚重结晶3次母液合并,以20 kg石斛作为原料,可获得20 g以上纯度为98.4%的产物,经气质联用法(GC-MS)鉴定提取物为石斛碱。结论:酶法提取生物碱的效果较好,可用于金钗石斛总生物碱的分离纯化。该方法简单快速,稳定高效,具有潜在工业生产价值,为金钗石斛总生物碱的工业化生产提供了实验依据。By setting gradient conditions such as different pH,temperature,enzymolysis time,enzyme dosage and ethanol concentration,the optimal conditions for the enzymatic method are determined as the enzyme dosage 7 mg enzyme/g dendrobium powder,buffer pH=5,enzymolysis temperature 40℃,enzymolysis time 2 h;extraction conditions are 75%ethanol,solid-liquid ratio is 1∶12,and the effect is best at pH 8 after alkalization.Combine the mother liquors of three recrystallizations of ether and use 20 kg of dendrobium as raw material to obtain more than 20 g of product with a purity of 98.4%.The extract is identified as dendrobine by GC-MS.Conclusion:Enzymatic extraction of alkaloids is effective and can be used for the separation and purification of total alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile.The method is simple,fast,stable and efficient.It has potential industrial production value,and provides an experimental basis for the industrial production of total alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile.

关 键 词：金钗石斛 石斛碱 酶法提取 纯化回收 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学] TQ041[化学工程]