基础教育信息化协同发展的当代实践:自组织与他组织视角  

Contemporary Practice of the Synergy Development for Basic Education Informatization:From the Perspective of Self-Organization and Heter-Organization

作　　者：徐晶晶[1] 胡卫平[1] 逯行 黄荣怀[2] XU Jingjing;HU Weiping;LU Hang;HUANG Ronghuai(不详)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学现代教学技术教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710062 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2021年第1期87-96,共10页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：陕西省教育科学规划“十三五”规划2020年度课题“突发性公共事件中主动学习的适应性与干预机制研究”(SGH20Q216);国家自然科学基金2018年度面上项目“动机影响创造性过程的认知神经机制”(31871118)。

摘　　要：任何系统均受内外因素之双重作用影响,都是自组织与他组织的某种统一体。在基础教育信息化系统中,自组织和他组织是推动基础教育信息化发展的两种不同性质的力量。学校自组织行为以信息技术为支撑,以教师自发性应用信息技术为核心特征;校外他组织以服务学校为依托,通过向学校提供政策引导或支持服务促使学校从被动接受向主动应用转变。当前国内基础教育信息化协同发展,主要包含学校内部的协同和跨组织的协同两种基本实践模式。前者以参与型领导为主,表现为以需求为导向的信息化应用;后者以指导型领导为主,表现为多主体协同推进信息化应用。从实践样态来看,尽管学术界和实践领域对基础教育信息化协同进行了初步探索和实践尝试,但当前的协同实践仍在协同主体、协同类型、作用力、组织关系方面存在一定问题。基础教育信息化协同发展要改变传统的"中心—边缘"式结构,形成基于学校自组织与校外他组织的协同机理,需在发挥和保障自组织的主体能动性基础上,将自组织的开放性与他组织的保障性相结合,构建学校自组织为主体与校外他组织为辅助的协调运作模式。Every system is influenced by both internal and external factors,and it is a kind of unity between self-organization and heter-organization.In the system of basic education informatization,self-organization and heter-organization are two different forces to promote the development of basic education informatization.The self-organization behavior of schools is supported by information technology.Its core characteristic is the spontaneous application of information technology by teachers.Heter-organization relies on serving schools,which is to promote the change from passive acceptance to active application by providing policy guidance or support services for schools.At present,the synergy development of basic education informatization in China mainly includes two primary practical modes,within school synergy and cross-organization synergy.The former is mainly participatory leadership,which is reflected in demand-oriented information application,while the latter is guided leadership,which is based on multi-subject synergy promotion of information application.From the current practice pattern,although the academic and practical fields have made a preliminary exploration and practical attempt for the basic education information synergy,the current synergy practice still has some problems in the synergy subject,synergy type,force,and organizational relationship.The synergy development of basic education informatization should change the traditional“center-edge”structure and construct the synergy mechanism based on self-organization and heter-organization.On the basis of ensuring the subjective initiative of self-organization,it is critical to combine the openness of self-organization with the security of heter-organization in order to build the synergy operation mode with the school self-organization as the main body and the heter-organization as the auxiliary.

关 键 词：基础教育信息化 协同发展 协同实践模式 协同特征 协同机理 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育技术学]