不同野生榛子果实特性及营养成分分析  

Analysis of Fruit Characteristics and Nutritional Composition of Different Wild Hazelnuts

作　　者：刘亚娜 杨小红 耿阳阳 王纪辉 胡伯凯 黄安香 Liu Yana;Yang Xiaohong;Geng Yangyang;Wang Jihui;Hu Bokai;Huang Anxiang(Guizhou Institute of Walnut,Guiyang 550005;Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005)

机构地区：[1]贵州省核桃研究所,贵阳550005 [2]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳550005

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2021年第1期117-122,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：贵州省木本粮油加工科技创新人才团队(黔科合平台人才[2020]5003);贵州省科技厅农业攻关计划(黔科合支撑[2016]2572);贵州省林业局青年人才基金项目(黔林科合J[2018]12)。

摘　　要：对贵州喀斯特山区和铁岭开原野生榛子果实特性及营养成分进行测定,并对结果进行相关性和因子分析。结果表明,贵州喀斯特山区和铁岭开原野生榛子在果实特性、蛋白质、脂肪、VE、矿物质、脂肪酸方面均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。贵州喀斯特山区两个品种的果实特性及营养成分变异性较大。相关性分析结果表明:出仁率与不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)含量呈极显著正相关;VE含量与磷含量呈极显著正相关;坚果三径两两之间呈显著正相关;锰含量与钾、镁含量呈显著正相关;镁含量与出仁率及UFA含量呈极显著负相关;水分与铜含量呈显著负相关;出仁率与锰含量呈显著负相关;脂肪含量与钾、锰含量呈显著负相关;铁含量与锌含量呈显著负相关。因子分析提取出2个主成分,累计方差贡献率达到100%,包含所测指标的所有信息。第1个公因子主要代表出仁率、水分、脂肪、油酸、豆蔻酸、亚麻酸、UFA含量及钾、锰、镁、铜等矿物质含量;第2个公因子主要代表坚果三径、单果重、钙、棕榈酸、棕榈一烯酸、十七碳一烯酸、花生酸、花生一烯酸等指标。本研究可为榛子的资源开发、质量控制以及深入研究提供参考。The characteristics and nutritional components of wild hazelnuts in Guizhou karst mountain area and Tieling Kaiyuan were determined,and the results were analyzed by means of correlation and factor analysis.The results showed that fruit characteristics,protein,fat,VE,minerals,and fatty acidsof wild hazelnuts were significantly different between Guizhou karst mountain area and Tieling Kaiyuan(P<0.05).The variability of fruit characteristics and nutritional components of the two varieties in the karst mountainous area of Guizhou are relatively large.Correlation analysis results showed that the kernel rate was significantly positively correlated with the UFA content;the VE content was significantly positively correlated with the phosphorus content;the nut size index was significantly positively correlated;the Mn content was significantly correlated with K and Mg content;Mg content was significantly negatively correlated with kernel yield and UFA content;moisture and Cu content are significantly negatively correlated;kernel yield is significantly negatively correlated with Mn content;fat content was significantly correlated with K and Mn content;Fe content significant negative correlation with Zn content.Factor analysis extracts 2 principal components,and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached up to 100%,which included all the information of the measured indicators.The first common factor mainly represents the kernel rate,moisture,fat,oleic acid,myristic acid,linolenic acid,UFA content,and potassium,manganese,magnesium,copper and other mineral content;the second common factor mainly represented the nut diameter,single fruit weight,calcium,palmitic acid,palmitonoic acid,heptaenoic acid,arachidic acid,arachidonic acid and other indicators.This study could be the reference for resource development,quality control and further and in-depth research of hazelnuts.

关 键 词：榛子 营养成分 果实特性 相关性分析 因子分析 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]