基于多源监测与数据融合的水质动态评价方法  

Preliminary Study on Dynamic Evaluation Method of Water Quality Based on Multi⁃Source Monitoring and Data Fusion

作　　者：司源 董飞 廉秋月[1,2] 彭文启 杜霞 黄爱平[1,2] 王伟杰 陈学凯[1,2] SI Yuan;DONG Fei;LIAN Qiuyue;PENG Wenqi;DU Xia;HUANG Aiping;WANG Weijie;CHEN Xuekai(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,Beijing 100038,China;Department of Water Ecology and Environment,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第2期88-94,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407702);中国水科院领军人才专项(WE0145B532017);中国水科院基本科研专项(WE0145B052017);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51809288)。

摘　　要：水环境精细化管理对水资源质量评价的精度和时效性提出了更高要求。我国在长期水环境监测体系建设过程中积累了大量数据,迫切需要研究建立基于多源监测与数据融合的水质动态评价关键技术。系统论述了实施水质动态评价的支撑条件,总结了数据有效利用方面存在的数据孤岛现象较明显、数据共享不畅通、数据有机融合不充分等不足,梳理了多源数据融合的加权平均法、卡尔曼滤波、D-S证据理论、粗糙集理论等主要技术方法,分类综述了地面数据融合、地空数据融合、多源遥感数据融合等多源数据融合技术在水质监测评价领域的研究现状和应用前景,并提出了相关对策建议。The precision and time⁃effectiveness of water quality evaluation are required by the delicacy management of water environment.China has accumulated a large amount of data in the long⁃term construction of the water environment monitoring system,so it is urgent to study and establish key technologies for dynamic water quality evaluation based on multi⁃source monitoring and data fusion.This paper sys⁃tematically discussed the supporting conditions for the implementation of dynamic water quality evaluation and summarized the deficiencies in the effective use of data,such as obvious data island phenomenon,blocked data sharing and insufficient data fusion.Then we sorted out the main techniques and methods of multi⁃source data fusion,e.g.,Weighted Average Method,Kalman Filter,Dempster⁃Shafer Evidence Theory and Rough Set Theory.Moreover,we reviewed the research status and application prospect of multi⁃source data fusion technology in the field of water quality monitoring and evaluation by categories(i.e.,ground data fusion,ground⁃space data fusion and multi⁃source remote sensing data fusion)and finally put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.

关 键 词：多源数据 数据融合 水质监测 水质评价 水质预测 预警 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TV211.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]