综合医院食源性疾病病原学监测结果分析  

Analysis of surveillance results of foodborne disease etiology in a comprehensive hospital

作　　者：梁莹 杜潇利[1] 张妹中 魏小萍 孟灵[1] 郭文琴 蔚承云 李瑞兰[1] LIANG Ying;DU Xiao-li;ZHANG Mei-zhong;WEI Xiao-ping;MENG Ling;GUO Wen-qin;YU Cheng-yun;LI Rui-lan(Lanzhou University Second Hospital,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二医院,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2021年第1期102-105,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解在综合医院就诊的食源性疾病的病原学分布情况,为预防和控制食源性疾病提供依据。方法从食源性疾病监测网站中导出2013—2019年兰州大学第二医院食源性疾病监测数据,使用Excel进行整理和分析,率的比较采用χ2检验。数据的收集和标本检测按照《甘肃省食源性疾病监测手册》进行。结果2013—2019年沙门氏菌阳性检出率为3.32%,各年间呈散发趋势,2019年的检出率最高,为11.22%,各年龄、性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。志贺氏菌阳性检出率为0.76%,以宋内氏志贺氏菌(D群)检出最多,为6例,在婴幼儿中发病较多。诺如病毒阳性检出率最高,为3.32%,在各性别、各年龄段的检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),以婴幼儿发病最多。致泻大肠埃希氏菌属和副溶血性弧菌未检出阳性病例。结论2013—2019年在兰州大学第二医院就诊的患者中,引起的食源性疾病的主要病原体为沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和诺如病毒。可通过加强食品卫生监督管理和控制食品污染,预防食源性疾患的发生。Objective To understand the pathogenic distribution of foodborne diseases in a comprehensive hospital,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods The data of foodborne disease of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital from 2013 to 2019 were derived from the foodborne disease surveillance website.Ex⁃cel was used for collation and analysis,and Chi-square test was used for comparison of rates.Data collection and speci⁃men testing were conducted in accordance with Gansu Provincial Foodborne Disease Surveillance Manual.Results During the seven years from 2013 to 2019,the positive detection rate of salmonella was 3.32%,showing an sporadic trend in each year,and the highest detection rate in 2019 was 11.22%,with no significant difference among different ages and genders(P>0.05).The positive detection rate of shigella was 0.76%,with 6 strains of shigella sonneri at most.The high⁃est positive detection rate of norovirus was 3.32%,with significant difference in the detection rate of each gender and age group(P<0.05).No positive cases of escherichia coli and vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected.Conclusion Salmo⁃nella,shigella and norovirus are the main pathogens causing foodborne diseases in the patients admitted to Lanzhou Uni⁃versity Second Hospital from 2013 to 2019.Food contamination can be controlled,and foodborne diseases can be pre⁃vented by strengthening food hygiene supervision and management.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 病原体 监测 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]