Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶在发酵食品中应用的研究进展  

Advances in the Application ofΔ12/Δ15 Fatty Acid Desaturases in Fermented Foods

作　　者：吴琛 姜楠 田文雪 王儒红 栾滨羽 史海粟 武俊瑞[1] 乌日娜[1] 岳喜庆[1] WU Chen;JIANG Nan;TIAN Wenxue;WANG Ruhong;LUAN Binyu;SHI Haisu;WU Junrui;WU Rina;YUE Xiqing(College of Food Science,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学食品学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《食品科学》2021年第3期296-310,共15页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31801567);辽宁省教育厅一般项目(LSNQN20124);沈阳农业大学博士引进人才项目(880417040)。

摘　　要：Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶在多不饱和脂肪酸合成中起重要作用,是生物体参与脂肪酸代谢途径的关键脱饱和酶类。脂肪酸在发酵食品中益生作用分析成为功能性脂质研究领域的热点话题,调控脂肪酸合成的Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶应用的研究意义重大。本文首先介绍了Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶及其参与的脂肪酸代谢途径,其次从植物、动物、细菌、酵母菌、霉菌和藻类6个方面简述Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶来源,综述了Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶在发酵食品应用中的研究,旨在为Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶研究提供一定的理论参考,为Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶在发酵食品工业的应用提供新思路。Δ12/Δ15 fatty acid desaturases(FADS12/15)play an important role in the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids,and are the key enzymes involved in the fatty acid metabolism pathways in living organisms.The probiotic effect of fatty acids in fermented foods has become a hot topic in the field of functional lipids,and it is of significance to research the application of FADS12/15 in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis.This review gives an overview of FADS12/15 and the fatty acid metabolism pathways in which they are involved,as well as six different sources of FADS12/15 including plants,animals,bacteria,yeasts,molds and algaes,and it summarizes recent studies on the application of FADS12/15 in fermented foods.The objective of this review is to provide the fundamental theory and novel ideas for researchers and manufacturers to apply FADS12/15 in the fermented food industry.

关 键 词：Δ12/Δ15脂肪酸脱饱和酶 发酵食品 微生物 脂肪酸 应用 

分 类 号：TS221[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]