西方教师价值观的历史演进  

Historical Evolution of Western Teachers’ Values

作　　者：邬春芹 WU Chunqin(School of EducationalScience,Jiangsu Second Normal University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211200)

机构地区：[1]江苏第二师范学院教育科学学院,江苏南京211200

出　　处：《江苏第二师范学院学报》2020年第6期51-55,I0002,共6页Journal of Jiangsu Second Normal University

摘　　要：西方教师价值观源于古希腊,追求个人主义、理论知识至上、平等参与是其主要内容。罗马继承和丰富了古希腊的教师价值观,但理性色彩更浓。受基督教的影响,中世纪教师价值观呈现出重视来世主义、禁欲主义、神学知识、师道尊严等特征。进入近代社会,教师价值观经历了从个人主义、古典知识至上向国家主义、科学知识至上的方向演变,儿童被重新看待。现代西方的教师价值观在多流派的纷争中呈现出综合的发展趋势,个人取向与社会取向融通,科学主义与人文主义并重,师生之间注重交往对话是其主要特点。西方教师价值观重视理性、知识、儿童、师生平等的传统源于古希腊,并一直保持下来,这些主要是受到了西方整体思维体系的影响。Western teachers’ values originate from ancient Greece,which mainly involves individualism,theoretical knowledge and equal participation. Rome inherited and enriched the values of teachers in ancient Greece,but with more rational color. Influenced by Christianity during the Middle Ages,teachers’ values were characterized by attaching importance to afterlifism,asceticism,theological knowledge and the dignity of teachers. In modern society,teachers’ values have evolved from individualism and emphasizing classical knowledge to nationalism and stressing scientific knowledge,and children have been reconsidered. The teachers’ values in the modern west present a comprehensive development trend in the disputes of different schools,like the integration of personal orientation and social orientation,the equal attention to scientism and humanism,and the emphasis on communication and dialogue between teachers and students. The tradition that western teachers value rationality,knowledge,children and equality between teachers and students originates from ancient Greece and it has been maintained mainly because of the influence of the overall thinking system in the west.

关 键 词：西方 教师价值观 个人主义 国家主义 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]