渤海湾牡蛎礁的研究现状与保护建议  

Research status and protection suggestions on oyster reef in Bohai Bay

作　　者：李建芬[1,2,3] 商志文[1,2,3] 陈永胜[1,2,3] 田立柱[1,2,3] 姜兴钰[1,2,3] 王福[1,2,3] 胡云壮[1,2,3] 李勇[1,2,3] 杨朋 文明征 袁海帆 施佩歆[1,2,3] 王宏[1,2,3] LI Jian-fen;SHANG Zhi-wen;CHEN Yong-sheng;TIAN Li-zhu;Jiang Xing-yu;WANG Fu;HU Yun-zhuang;LI Yong;YANG Peng;WEN Ming-zheng;YUAN Hai-fan;SHI Pei-xin;WANG Hong(Tianjin Centre,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;Key Laboratory of Coast Geo-environment,China Geological Survey,CGS,Tianjin 300170,China;North China Center for Geoscience Innovation,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [2]中国地质调查局海岸带地质环境重点实验室,天津300170 [3]中国地质调查局华北地质科技创新中心,天津300170

出　　处：《地质调查与研究》2020年第4期317-333,共17页Geological Survey and Research

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“津冀沿海资源环境承载能力调查(DD20189506)”;国家自然科学基金面上项目“渤海湾全新世海面标志点研究与变化历史重建(41372173)”;国家自然基金面青年基金项目“渤海湾西北岸4ka BP前后古环境重建(41806109)”。

摘　　要：通过对渤海湾西北岸全新世牡蛎礁调查研究现状及成果的梳理,阐述了牡蛎礁的结构特征、时空分布和古环境要素:(1)牡蛎礁和上覆泥质沉积层具有“二元结构”特征;(2)在距今8270年以来,沿北西-南东方向包括现代活体牡蛎礁在内共分为10~14道礁群(其中有4道可视作亚礁群);(3)“礁泥转换”和礁体内部直立的正常建礁层与水平夹层所记录的缓变型和突变型的环境变化信息;(4)确定了牡蛎礁顶板可以作为海面标志点,以礁顶的实测高度、再增加“±0.7 m”的礁顶起伏误差范围,重建当时的海平面;(5)牡蛎壳体的同位素研究揭示了牡蛎生长的年度和季节性变化规律;(6)牡蛎礁体及岭地共同记录了海岸线变迁历史。以此为基础,介绍了牡蛎礁博物馆选址和现代活牡蛎的调查结果。最后,提出了牡蛎礁的保护和利用牡蛎礁进行生态海岸修复的建议。By compilation of the investigation status and research results of Holocene oyster reefs on the northwest coast of Bohai Bay,the structural characteristics,spatio-temporal distribution and paleo-environmental elements of oyster reefs are described in the article.(1)The oyster reef and the overlying muddy sediments are characterized by"dual structure".(2)Since 8270 years ago,along the NW-SE direction,the oyster reefs,including modern living oyster reefs,have been divided into 10~14 reef groups of them can be regarded as subreef groups.(3)"Transition from reef to overlying mud"and the information of the slow and abrupt environmental changes have been by the normal reef-building layers and the horizontal interlayers.(4)It is determined that the top of the oyster reef can be used as a sea level.The isotopic study of the reef top with increase of the reef top undulation error range of"±0.7m"is used to reconstruct the sea level;The isotope study of oyster shell reveals the annual and seasonal variations of oyster growth.The oyster reefs and ridges record the history of shoreline changes.Based on above results,the site selection of the Oyster Reef Museum and the survey results of modern live oysters are introduced.Besides,suggestions on the protection of oyster reefs and the use of oyster reefs for ecological coastal restoration are proposed.

关 键 词：牡蛎礁 环境变化 海岸带 渤海湾 礁泥转换 

分 类 号：P737.12[天文地球—海洋地质] X37[天文地球—海洋科学]