考虑结构柔性的多级齿轮箱变速过程动态特性研究  

Dynamic characteristics of the multi-stage gearbox considering structural flexibility during the variable speed process

作　　者：许华超 秦大同[1] 刘长钊 易园园[1] 贾涵杰 XU Hua-chao;QIN Da-tong;LIU Chang-zhao;YI Yuan-yuan;JIA Han-jie(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2021年第1期99-107,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1764259,51705042)。

摘　　要：为了满足齿轮箱在变速过程中的分析需求,在集中参数/有限元法基础上提出一种适合变速过程分析且考虑结构柔性的多级齿轮箱耦合动力学建模方法。为验证所提方法的有效性,以某型直升机主减速器为研究对象,构建其耦合动力学模型;模型中考虑了传动轴和箱体结构的柔性,并将齿轮时变啮合刚度和综合啮合误差表示为齿轮角位移的周期函数。研究了多级齿轮箱在变速过程中的动力学特性;揭示了恒定风、湍流风和阵风对直升机主减速器的影响。结果表明:变速载过程中齿轮箱激励与动态响应随转速和负载实时发生改变;激励频率及响应波动幅值随转速增加而增大,激励影响程度及响应均值随负载加重而递增。与恒定风相比,湍流风会恶化系统的载荷环境;在阵风作用下传动系统的振动最大。In order to meet the analytical requirements of gearbox during variable speed process,a coupling dynamic modeling method for multi-stage gearbox is proposed based on the lumped parameter/finite element method,which is not only suitable for analysis of variable speed process,but also considers structural flexibility.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,the coupled dynamic model of helicopter main gearbox is established.The structural flexibility of the shaft and housing is considered in this model,and the time-varying mesh stiffness and mesh error are expressed as periodic functions of the gear rotation angles.The dynamic characteristics of multi-stage gearbox during the variable speed process are studied.The effects of constant wind,turbulent wind and gust on the helicopter main gearbox are revealed.The results show that the excitation and dynamic response of the system vary with the change of speed and torque.The excitation frequency and response fluctuation amplitude increase with the increase of rotational speed,and the excitation influence level and response mean value increase with the increase of torque.Compared with constant wind,the turbulent wind will aggravate the system.The vibration of the helicopter main gearbox is the largest under the action of gusts.The proposed modeling method is universal and can provide theoretical basis for dynamic design of gearbox during the variable speed process.

关 键 词：机械动力学 齿轮 变速 主减速器 直升机 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]